自2月以来，超过1500艘商船滞留在波斯湾地区[1]。这些船舶在长期停留期间，船体积累了大量海洋生物污损物种[1]。波斯湾本身已存在超过50种海洋非本地物种[1]，使得滞留船舶成为潜在的生物安全隐患。
随着霍尔木兹海峡重新开放，这些携带大量附着生物的船舶将驶入全球各地港口，面临国际生物传播的风险[1]。新西兰和澳大利亚预计在海峡重新开放后一年内会收到多艘可能携带入侵物种的船舶[1]。为应对这一风险，专家建议采取多层次的防控措施，包括在船舶出发前检验生物污损水平、进行水中清洁、建立船舶路线预报系统，以及实施早期发现和快速反应机制[1]。
More than 1,500 commercial ships have remained trapped in the Persian Gulf and Arabian Gulf since February, accumulating substantial amounts of marine biofouling species on their hulls [1]. As the strait reopens, these vessels present a potential biosecurity risk by introducing invasive organisms to ports they visit worldwide [1].
The Persian Gulf region hosts over 50 non-native marine species [1], which have accumulated on the hulls of stranded vessels during their prolonged confinement. New Zealand and Australia are anticipated to receive multiple ships carrying potentially invasive species within one year of the strait's reopening [1].
To mitigate these risks, researchers have proposed a comprehensive management strategy encompassing several key measures: inspecting biofouling levels before departure, conducting underwater hull cleaning prior to vessels leaving the region, forecasting ship routes, and implementing early detection and rapid response mechanisms [1].
