AI外呼日拨千通 骚扰电话的"合规边界"在哪

随着技术升级和成本下降，AI外呼电话在暑期营销中呈现爆发式增长。1单个机器人日拨800至1500通电话，远远超过人工坐席的能力。1与此同时，大模型智能体外呼产品能够自动生成话术、进行语义理解，具有更强的迷惑性，其价格约5000元，是传统机型的两倍。1AI外呼的成本相对低廉，每分钟约0.12至0.16元。1

在应对骚扰电话方面，行业普遍配备"一键去标记"能力，频率可高达一天三次，这进一步助长了骚扰的问题。1对此，法律规定了明确的红线。根据《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法实施条例》第二十四条，经营者未经消费者同意，不得向消费者发送商业性信息或拨打商业性电话。1北京邮电大学互联网治理与法律研究中心主任谢永江指出，合法营销的关键在于取得用户主动授权同意，并规范拨打时段、体现真实主机号码。1对于消费者而言，可以向12321网络不良与垃圾信息举报受理中心举报骚扰电话，或开通电信运营商的"骚扰电话拒接"防护服务。1

AI-driven outbound calling has experienced a sharp surge in frequency during the summer marketing season, with individual robots capable of placing 800 to 1,500 calls per day 1. This volume far exceeds the capacity of human call center operators. The technology operates at a relatively low cost, with AI calling services priced at approximately 0.12 to 0.16 yuan per minute 1.

The latest generation of large language model-based intelligent outbound calling products has elevated concerns about consumer deception. These systems, which typically cost around 5,000 yuan—double the price of traditional calling equipment—can automatically generate scripts and perform semantic understanding, making them significantly more persuasive 1. Adding to the concern, the industry has widely adopted "one-click unmarketing" capabilities that allow numbers to be delisted from spam databases up to three times daily 1.

Under Chinese consumer protection law, commercial calling practices operate within specific legal bounds. According to Article 24 of the Implementation Rules of the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests of the People's Republic of China, "merchants shall not send commercial information or make commercial calls to consumers without their prior consent" 1. Xie Yongjiang, director of the Internet Governance and Law Research Center at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, emphasized that legitimate marketing requires explicit user authorization, compliance with designated calling hours, and display of authentic caller identification 1.

Consumers experiencing such calls can lodge complaints with the 12321 Network Bad Information and Spam Reporting Center, or activate the telecommunications operator's harassment call rejection protection service 1.