联合国粮农组织、国际农业发展基金、联合国儿童基金、世界粮食计划署和世界卫生组织联合发布《世界粮食安全和营养状况》报告，揭示了当前全球粮食安全和营养状况的严峻形势。1根据报告，2018年全球饥饿人口达8.216亿，占全球人口的九分之一，这是连续第三年增长，较2017年的8.11亿进一步上升。1与此同时，全球中度或严重粮食不安全人口达20亿，占全球人口的26.4%。1
地区分布方面，亚洲仍是饥饿人口最集中的地区，达5.139亿，非洲有2.561亿人口处于饥饿状态。1东非地区形势最为危急，30.8%的人口营养不良。1儿童营养不良问题依然严重，5岁以下儿童发育迟缓人数达1.489亿（占21.9%），消瘦儿童为4950万（占7.3%）；同时低体重出生婴儿达2050万，占新生儿总数的七分之一。1
与饥饿问题相反，肥胖症在全球各地区持续上升。1学龄儿童和青少年超重人口达3.38亿，成人肥胖人口达6.72亿，占全球人口的八分之一即13%。1报告还指出，女性面临的粮食不安全率高于男性，其中拉丁美洲地区的性别差距最为显著。1此次发布引入了新的衡量指标，即中度或严重粮食不安全的普遍性，该指标基于粮食不安全体验量表的调查数据。1
Five United Nations agencies have jointly released alarming findings on the state of food security and nutrition worldwide. According to the report, global hunger affected 821.6 million people in 2018, marking the third consecutive year of increase 1. This figure represents approximately one in nine people globally. The previous year saw 811 million people experiencing hunger, underscoring an accelerating trend that poses significant obstacles to achieving the UN's goal of zero hunger by 2030 1.
Beyond those experiencing severe hunger, a broader crisis of food insecurity grips the world. An estimated 2 billion people face moderate or severe food insecurity, constituting 26.4 percent of the global population 1. Geographically, Asia bears the heaviest burden with 513.9 million hungry individuals, while Africa accounts for 256.1 million 1. The East African region presents particularly dire conditions, with malnutrition affecting 30.8 percent of the population 1.
The crisis extends significantly to vulnerable populations, particularly children. Approximately 149 million children under five years old suffer from stunting, representing 21.9 percent of this age group, while 49.5 million experience wasting, or acute malnutrition 1. Women face disproportionately higher rates of food insecurity compared to men, with Latin America showing the largest gender gap 1.
Simultaneously, malnutrition manifests in an opposite yet equally troubling form across the globe. Adult obesity affects 672 million people, comprising 13 percent of the world's population 1. Among children and adolescents, 338 million are overweight 1. This dual burden of hunger and obesity reflects fundamental inequities in food systems and nutrition access worldwide.
The report was released jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the UN Children's Fund, the World Food Programme, and the World Health Organization 1.
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