英国伯明翰大学研究团队发现，通过阻断P2X7受体可显著减少人脑组织中的炎症反应。1研究人员利用人脑细胞培养和神经外科获取的脑组织进行实验，证实当P2X7受体被特异性拮抗剂阻断时，炎症反应明显下降。1P2X7受体促进细胞因子释放，这些蛋白质调节脑部的炎症过程，因此该受体被确认为神经炎症的重要驱动因素。1
该研究涵盖了创伤性脑损伤、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、抑郁症、精神分裂症和多发性硬化症等多种神经相关疾病。1研究负责人Nicholas Barnes教授表示："这一激动人心的发现标志着向重新利用现有治疗药物对抗神经炎症迈出了重要一步。"1该研究已于2026年10月7日发表在《Brain》期刊第149卷第10期上，有望为这些疾病的治疗提供新途径。1
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have identified a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce neuroinflammation by blocking the P2X7 receptor, a protein implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases.1 When this receptor is inhibited with specific antagonists, inflammatory responses in human brain tissue decrease significantly, according to findings published in Brain in October 2026.1
The study, led by Professor Nicholas Barnes, employed human brain cell cultures and tissue samples obtained during neurosurgery to demonstrate that the P2X7 receptor plays a critical role in driving neuroinflammation.1 The receptor promotes the release of cytokines—proteins that regulate inflammatory responses—suggesting that blocking it could offer a new avenue for treating conditions including traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, schizophrenia, and multiple sclerosis.1 "This exciting finding marks an important step toward repurposing existing therapeutic drugs to combat neuroinflammation," Professor Barnes stated.1
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