"第零孕期"是指孕前三至六个月的准备期，这一概念由美国社会学家Miranda R Waggoner在2017年创造1。近年来，健康和育儿网红借助这个概念大力宣传各类孕前准备方案，但医学专家警告称，其中许多承诺缺乏科学支持1。
影响生育能力的主要因素实际上是年龄、体重和遗传因素1。值得注意的是，男性因素占不孕症原因的约50%1。对于尚未怀孕的夫妇，医学指南建议30岁以下者在未采取避孕措施12个月后仍未受孕应就医，而35岁以上者在6个月后应寻求医疗帮助1。
在实际可行的准备措施中，控制烟酒至关重要——女性吸烟会危害卵子健康，而酒精则可危害精子质量1。体重管理同样重要，女性BMI超过27时自然受孕的困难率会增加3倍1。此外，叶酸补充应在受孕前至少一个月开始，最好提前三个月开始1。专家建议每周进行150分钟的剧烈运动1，地中海饮食是最常被推荐的饮食方式1。对于心理健康的关注也不容忽视1。扩展遗传载体筛查等措施成本较高，费用在700至1500澳元之间1。
The concept of "trimester zero," a three-to-six-month preparation period before conception popularized by health and parenting influencers, is being criticized for promoting scientifically unfounded claims about fertility. The term itself was coined by American sociologist Miranda R Waggoner in 2017 1. Medical experts warn that many of the supplements and guidelines promoted by online personalities lack robust evidence 1.
Medical professionals emphasize that the primary factors affecting fertility are age, body weight, and genetics 1. Male factors account for an estimated 50 percent of infertility cases 1, yet much of the online focus remains on female-specific interventions. Rather than relying on trendy preconception protocols, individuals should prioritize evidence-based practices: smoking cessation and alcohol limitation, as smoking damages egg health in women while alcohol impairs sperm quality 1; maintaining a healthy body mass index, since women with a BMI exceeding 27 face a threefold increase in natural conception difficulty 1; and consuming a Mediterranean diet, which is most frequently recommended 1. Additionally, folic acid supplementation should begin at least one month before conception, ideally three months prior 1, and moderate to vigorous exercise of approximately 150 minutes per week is beneficial 1.
Medical consultation timelines vary by age: individuals under 30 who have not conceived after 12 months of unprotected intercourse should seek medical advice, while those 35 and older should do so after six months 1. Expanded carrier screening, which tests for genetic conditions, costs between 700 and 1,500 Australian dollars 1. Mental health support remains an often-overlooked component of preconception planning 1.
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