欧盟包装和包装废弃物法规（PPWR）将于2026年8月12日起生效，禁止在食品接触包装中使用高浓度PFAS"永久化学物质"[1]。该法规要求企业在每个欧盟成员国注册包装并承担相关费用，约每国每年300欧元[1]，这一举措引发了小型企业和在线零售商的广泛批评[1]。许多小企业因合规成本过高已暂停向欧盟地区发货[1]，超过45000人在change.org上请愿反对该规则[1]。
新规还将实施多项配套措施来减少包装废弃物。欧盟计划自2028年起要求标准化标签[1]，并自2030年起禁止新鲜农产品使用单层塑料包装[1]。这些举措旨在应对日益严重的包装废弃问题——过去十年中欧盟包装废弃物增加了20%[1]。2023年欧盟人均包装废弃物达178公斤，其中塑料包装35.3公斤，回收率仅为42%[1]。欧盟目标是到2030年减少包装废弃物5%，到2040年减少15%[1]。违反规定的企业将面临处罚，其中德国的罚款上限为200000欧元[1]。
The European Union's Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) will take effect on August 12, 2026, introducing significant new requirements that have sparked concern among small businesses and online retailers [1]. The regulation prohibits high concentrations of PFAS—so-called "forever chemicals"—in food-contact packaging and requires enterprises to register packaging in multiple EU member states, with compliance costs estimated at approximately €300 per country annually [1].
The regulatory push reflects growing waste management challenges across the bloc [1]. Over the past decade, EU packaging waste has increased by 20 percent, with per capita packaging waste reaching 178 kilograms in 2023, of which plastic packaging accounted for 35.3 kilograms with a recycling rate of only 42 percent [1]. To address this trend, the EU has set targets to reduce packaging waste by 5 percent by 2030 and 15 percent by 2040 [1].
Beyond the PFAS restrictions, the regulation introduces additional measures taking effect at staggered intervals [1]. Standardized labeling requirements will be mandatory from 2028, while single-layer plastic packaging for fresh produce will be banned starting in 2030 [1]. Violations can result in substantial penalties, with maximum fines reaching €200,000 in Germany [1].
Opposition to the regulation has been substantial, with over 45,000 people signing a petition on change.org against the rules [1]. Many small enterprises have already suspended shipments to EU regions due to the high costs associated with compliance [1].