匈牙利议会日前以140票赞成、6票反对的结果选举前最高法院首席法官András Baka担任国家总统[1]。Baka定于8月19日宣誓就职[1]。这一任命是新总理Peter Magyar政府清除奥尔班(Viktor Orbán)时期权力结构的重要一步[1]。
Baka曾在2009年至2011年期间担任匈牙利最高法院首席法官，随后在2011年被奥尔班政府免职[1]。欧洲人权法院在2014年裁定奥尔班政府的这一举措侵犯了Baka的权利[1]。新政府认为清除奥尔班任期内的任命官员对于恢复被侵蚀的民主规范和制度完整性是必要的[1]。在投票中，奥尔班的Fidesz党抵制了这一选举[1]。
Baka在议会发言中表示："这个国家不能在其公民视彼此为敌人的情况下建立共同未来"[1]。除了总统人事变动外，新政府已启动一系列改革举措，包括暂停匈牙利公共电视电台新闻服务、关闭主权保护办公室、进行司法改革，以及对议员设定12年任期限制和对总理设定8年任期限制[1]。前总统Tamás Sulyok在7月被迫接受宪法修正案以结束其任期[1]。
Hungary's Parliament has elected András Baka, a former chief justice of the Supreme Court, as the country's new president with 140 votes in favor and 6 against in a secret ballot, with no abstentions [1]. Baka is scheduled to be sworn in on August 19 [1]. The election represents part of Prime Minister Peter Magyar's government effort to dismantle key institutional appointments made during Viktor Orbán's tenure, which officials argue is necessary to restore democratic norms and institutional integrity that had been eroded [1].
Baka previously served as chief justice from 2009 to 2011 before being removed from the position in 2011 during the Orbán administration [1]. The European Court of Human Rights ruled in 2014 that the Orbán government had violated Baka's rights [1]. During his remarks to Parliament, Baka stated that "this country cannot build a common future when its citizens see each other as enemies" [1]. Orbán's Fidesz party boycotted the vote [1].
The appointment follows a series of institutional reforms undertaken by the new government, including the suspension of the Hungarian public television news service, closure of the sovereignty protection office, judicial reform measures, and the imposition of 12-year term limits for members of parliament and 8-year limits for the prime minister [1]. These actions come after the previous president, Tamás Sulyok, was forced to accept a constitutional amendment ending his term in July [1].