中国部分青少年为逃避学业与家庭压力，正通过网络轻易获取并滥用处方药以获得“药物快感”，甚至出现过量服药和自残行为 1。以14岁学生Xiaomei为例，她通过网购获取需处方的止咳药，并在长达两年的时间里逐渐滥用多种处方药 1。中国国家禁毒委员会近期报告警告处方药滥用问题在未成年人中急剧上升，但2025年官方数据显示35岁以下新发现吸毒人数下降41% 1。
为遏制药物滥用趋势，中国政府两年前将Xiaomei最初使用的止咳药列为精神药物，仅限凭医生处方购买 1。今年4月，当局对青少年转向使用的另一种药物实施更严格的处方和配药管控，不过BBC在网络聊天室发现该药物仍以每克10元人民币的价格被出售 1。
处方药滥用现象背后折射出青少年心理健康危机与就业压力。2023年中国心理健康蓝皮书研究显示近9500万人患有抑郁症，其中30%以上为18岁以下，同时五分之一中国青年被认为难以找到工作 1。为应对这一危机，中国政府计划到2030年建成全国心理支持和危机干预体系，国务院数据显示92%的小学、95%的初中现已配备心理咨询师 1。然而，专业医疗资源依然严重匮乏，2020年《柳叶刀》研究称中国仅有约500名合格的儿童精神科医生 1。
Chinese teenagers are increasingly abusing prescription medications to escape academic and family pressures, seeking a "drug high" that has sometimes led to overdoses and self-harm 1. For instance, a 14-year-old student named Xiaomei obtained prescription cough medicine online and gradually expanded her abuse to various other prescription drugs over a two-year period 1. In response, the Chinese government classified Xiaomei's initial cough medicine as a psychotropic substance two years ago, restricting its purchase to those with a doctor's prescription 1. Furthermore, in April of this year, authorities implemented stricter prescription and dispensing controls on another substance that teenagers had shifted toward 1. However, teenagers continue to find alternatives, and the BBC discovered in online chat rooms that this newer drug is still being sold for 10 yuan per gram 1. Despite these ongoing issues with specific substances, official data for 2025 indicates a 41% decrease in the number of newly discovered drug users under the age of 35 1. Nevertheless, a recent report from the National Narcotics Control Commission warned that prescription drug abuse is rising sharply among minors 1.
Experts attribute this trend to a broader mental health crisis among the youth, exacerbated by the fact that one-fifth of Chinese young people are considered to have difficulty finding jobs 1. Highlighting the severity of the psychological landscape, a 2023 study from the China Mental Health Blue Book revealed that nearly 95 million people suffer from depression, with more than 30% of them being under 18 years old 1. To address the crisis, the government plans to establish a national psychological support and crisis intervention system by 2030 1. According to State Council data, 92% of primary schools and 95% of junior high schools are now equipped with psychological counselors 1. Despite these systemic efforts, a 2020 study published in The Lancet highlighted a severe shortage of specialized medical professionals, noting that China has only about 500 qualified child psychiatrists 1.
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