欧洲民众更倾向支持空调推广而非减少碳排放

YouGov在法国、德国、意大利、波兰、西班牙和英国进行的民调显示，在极端热浪造成数千人死亡后，欧洲民众更倾向于优先支持推广空调安装而非减少碳排放1。除意大利外，各国均有41%-48%的受访者认为应优先考虑空调以减轻热浪危害，而仅有20%-33%认为应优先降低二氧化碳排放1。

对空调安装的支持态度普遍较高1。61%-73%的受访者支持在所有新建住宅中标准安装空调1，65%-75%支持简化空调安装许可流程1，52%-66%支持政府补贴家庭安装空调1。民调于7月中旬在法国、德国、意大利、波兰和西班牙进行，英国的调查则于8月初完成1。

成本而非环保关切成为阻碍空调普及的主要因素1。未安装空调的受访者中，51%-75%表示成本是主要障碍，仅6%-17%将气候影响作为原因，法国为例外，该国有27%的人提及气候考虑1。各国空调普及率差异明显，意大利达63%、西班牙58%、法国30%、波兰23%、德国16%、英国11%，均低于美国的93%1。拥有空调的受访者中，79%-85%称能在热浪期间保持舒适室温，而未安装空调者中仅35%-47%能做到1。此外，30%-52%的受访者曾在接近或超过40°C的温度下对家庭健康表示担忧1。

A YouGov survey conducted across six European nations has found that citizens increasingly favor expanding air conditioning access rather than prioritizing carbon emission reductions 1. The polling, conducted in mid-July across France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Spain, with the UK surveyed in early August, comes as extreme heat waves have claimed thousands of lives across the continent 1.

Outside Italy, between 41% and 48% of respondents said air conditioning deployment should take precedence over lowering carbon dioxide emissions, while only 20% to 33% held the opposite view 1. Majorities across all six countries support mandatory air conditioning installation in all new residential buildings, with 61% to 73% backing the measure 1. Between 65% and 75% of respondents favored streamlining the permit process for air conditioning installation, and 52% to 66% supported government subsidies to help households install the systems 1.

Current air conditioning penetration rates vary significantly by nation: Italy leads at 63%, followed by Spain at 58%, France at 30%, Poland at 23%, Germany at 16%, and the United Kingdom at 11%, contrasting sharply with the United States' 93% rate 1. Among those without air conditioning, cost emerged as the primary barrier, cited by 51% to 75% of respondents, while only 6% to 17% cited climate concerns—though France proved an exception with 27% citing environmental impact 1. Those with existing air conditioning systems reported maintaining comfortable temperatures during heat waves at rates between 79% and 85%, compared to just 35% to 47% of households without the technology 1. Between 30% and 52% of survey participants reported having worried about their household's health during periods when temperatures approached or exceeded 40 degrees Celsius 1.