欧洲今夏遭遇严重野火灾害，已毁林超过6000平方公里，经济损失估计达150亿欧元1。波茨坦气候影响研究所的最新研究表明，即使全球加强气候行动，到本世纪末欧洲年燃烧面积仍可能增加39%，其中地中海地区和欧洲中西部受影响最为严重1。
有效的防火投资被证明是应对这一挑战的关键。研究表明，积极的野火管理和防火投资可将灾害损失减少90%，且每投入一欧元用于防火，可节省7欧元的灭火和重建成本1。目前欧盟在2021-2027年期间为森林野火管理投入约21亿欧元1。
此外，研究还揭示了泥炭地火灾的潜在危害。虽然泥炭地仅占全球陆地面积的3%，但储存了全球土壤碳储备的30%，其燃烧可能导致严重的碳排放后果1。1997年印尼泥炭地火灾影响约10万平方公里，可能释放该年全球排放总量的13-40%1。
Europe's wildfire crisis intensified this summer, with blazes consuming more than 6,000 square kilometers of forest and inflicting an estimated 150 billion euros in damages 1. According to research from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, even with strengthened climate action, Europe's annual burned area could increase by 39 percent by the end of this century 1. Should global temperatures rise by 3.6 degrees Celsius, the Mediterranean region and central-western Europe would experience a dramatic surge in wildfire activity 1.
The research underscores the critical importance of proactive fire management and prevention investment. Effective wildfire management and prevention spending can reduce losses by 90 percent, with every euro invested in fire prevention generating seven euros in savings on firefighting and reconstruction costs 1. The European Union has allocated approximately 2.1 billion euros for forest wildfire management between 2021 and 2027 1. Beyond immediate forest protection, peatlands present a particularly urgent concern; despite comprising just 3 percent of global land, they store 30 percent of all soil carbon reserves 1. A cautionary precedent emerged in 1997 when Indonesian peatland fires affected approximately 100,000 square kilometers and may have released 13 to 40 percent of that year's total global emissions 1.
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