美国经济增速放缓，抵押贷款利率创一年新高

美国经济增长动力明显减弱。1第二季度国内生产总值增长率为1.5%，较第一季度的2.1%大幅下滑。1尽管如此，消费支出仍保持增长势头，增幅达3.2%，继续支撑美国经济活动——消费支出约占经济活动总量的70%。1商业投资（不含房产）增长8.4%，反映出人工智能领域投资激增。1

房贷成本持续攀升。130年期固定利率抵押贷款升至6.66%，创近一年来新高，较前一周的6.58%上升；15年期固定利率抵押贷款则升至6.04%，较前一周的5.96%上升。1消费者信心指数在7月跌至90.8，相比6月的92.2出现下滑，1部分原因是油价上升施加压力。1汽油价格先是从4月末5月初的4.50美元/加仑下跌至3.70美元/加仑，随后又升至4.11美元/加仑；1国际油价方面，布伦特原油价格上升2.1%至88.68美元/桶。1

联邦储备委员会维持政策不变。1美联储将基准利率维持在3.6%左右不变，这已是连续第五次会议保持不变，1不过有三名官员对此投出反对票。1劳动力市场方面，美国失业救济申请人数上升9,000至197,000人，较前一周修正数据的188,000有所增加，但仍处于50多年来的低位。1

The US economy decelerated significantly in the second quarter, with gross domestic product expanding at just 1.5% compared to 2.1% in the prior quarter 1. Consumer spending, which accounts for approximately 70% of economic activity, grew more robustly at 3.2% 1. Business investment excluding real estate surged 8.4%, reflecting a surge in artificial intelligence-related spending 1.

Meanwhile, mortgage rates climbed to their highest levels in a year, with 30-year fixed-rate mortgages rising to 6.66% from 6.58% the previous week 1. Fifteen-year fixed-rate mortgages also increased to 6.04% from 5.96% 1. Consumer confidence declined in July, with the confidence index falling to 90.8 from 92.2 in June 1, pressured by rising oil prices and geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. Brent crude prices increased 2.1% to $88.68 per barrel 1.

The Federal Reserve maintained its benchmark interest rate near 3.6% for the fifth consecutive meeting, though three officials dissented from keeping rates unchanged 1. Initial jobless claims rose by 9,000 to 197,000, with the prior week revised downward to 188,000, marking a level not seen in more than fifty years 1.