昆士兰州政府正向所有公立高中推出AI助手，帮助学生"头脑风暴、检查、草拟、修订、研究和总结信息"[1]。然而这一举措引发了教育界的担忧。多项研究表明，对AI工具的过度依赖可能导致学生认知能力下降。
一项美国随机对照试验涉及1000名高中数学生，结论为"不受限制地使用ChatGPT-4可能损害教育成果"[1]。参与研究的学生在失去AI工具后数学成绩下降，"表明技能获得减少"[1]。
学术界对这一现象有更深层的担忧。医学期刊Nature刊登的研究描述了一种"never-skilling"现象：依赖AI的医学生可能无法发展"安全独立实践所需的基础推理能力"[1]。法国研究则指出，大脑将认知任务越多地外包给AI，前额叶皮层的使用就越少，最终导致"累积认知债务"[1]。ChatGPT使用者在写作任务中也表现出"显著降低的认知参与度"[1]。
鉴于这些风险，挪威最近禁止在所有小学和初级中学使用AI，理由是"年幼儿童可能跳过教育中的重要步骤的风险"[1]。
Queensland's government is rolling out AI assistants across all public high schools to help students with brainstorming, editing, drafting, revision, research, and information summarization [1]. However, this expansion of artificial intelligence in education raises serious concerns about whether students may forfeit the development of core intellectual abilities.
Research increasingly suggests that heavy reliance on AI for essential learning tasks—writing, mathematics, and analytical work—can weaken memory, focus, and reasoning capacity [1]. A study using ChatGPT found that users demonstrated "significantly reduced cognitive engagement" when completing writing assignments [1]. French researchers discovered that the more the brain outsources cognitive tasks to AI, the less the prefrontal cortex is activated, creating what they term "cumulative cognitive debt" [1]. A randomized controlled trial involving 1,000 American high school mathematics students concluded that "unrestricted use of ChatGPT-4 may harm educational outcomes," with students' math performance declining after losing access to the tool, suggesting that actual skill acquisition had diminished [1].
The phenomenon has prompted concern from medical professionals. Research published in Nature describes "never-skilling"—a risk wherein students who depend on AI may fail to develop the fundamental reasoning abilities necessary for safe, independent practice [1]. Recognizing these risks, Norway has recently banned AI use across all primary and lower secondary schools, citing concerns that young children could "skip important steps in their education" [1].