中国2025年贸易顺差突破1.18万亿美元，首次超越万亿美元大关，在欧美引发对其产能过剩的担忧[1]。德国总理梅尔茨指出，欧洲每天对中国贸易逆差高达10亿欧元[1]。面对这一压力，中国商务部发布立场文件作出回应。
商务部负责人贺少军强调，"出口多、顺差大不等于产能过剩"[1]。为消解国际疑虑，中方公布了进口增长的具体数据：今年上半年中国货物贸易进口增速达到22.1%，快于出口增速[1]。商务部部长王文涛于6月底与欧盟贸易事务专员塞夫柯维奇共同主持召开了中欧贸易投资磋商机制首次会议[1]。此外，中国在境外设立了5万多家企业，投资存量超过3万亿美元[1]，显示其对外经济活动的规模。
China's 2025 trade surplus reached 1.18 trillion US dollars, marking the first time the figure has surpassed the trillion-dollar threshold [1]. The substantial surplus has triggered mounting concerns among Western nations about Chinese overcapacity, with German Chancellor Merz pointing out that Europe faces a daily trade deficit of approximately 1 billion euros with China [1].
In response, China's Ministry of Commerce released a position paper countering these criticisms, with spokesperson He Shaojun stating that "high export volumes and large trade surpluses do not equate to overcapacity" [1]. The ministry characterized the "China squeezing theory" as a new iteration of the "China threat narrative" [1]. To address trade imbalances, Chinese officials emphasized their commitment to expanding imports, noting that import growth in the first half of this year reached 22.1 percent, outpacing export expansion [1].
Demonstrating its engagement on the issue, China's Ministry of Commerce launched bilateral cooperation mechanisms with trading partners, with Minister Wang Wentao co-chairing the inaugural meeting of the China-EU Trade and Investment Consultation Mechanism with EU Trade Commissioner Sevcovic in late June [1]. Beyond these diplomatic efforts, China highlighted its extensive overseas economic presence, operating over 50,000 enterprises abroad with accumulated investment exceeding 3 trillion US dollars [1].