最新研究显示，全球每年因毒蛇咬伤导致的实际死亡人数远高于既往认知，估计范围在27.4万至51.3万人之间，同时中毒人数可达700万1。这项由利物浦热带医学院研究人员主导的研究指出，超过半数受影响的国家缺乏相关统计数据记录，导致这一公共卫生危机长期处于隐蔽状态1。撒哈拉以南非洲地区承受了最沉重的负担，其蛇中毒和死亡总数占全球总量的45%，其中尼日利亚、刚果民主共和国和埃塞俄比亚面临高负担1。
除了高死亡率，蛇咬伤还造成了严重的长期健康后果，每年有超过80万名幸存者遭受包括截肢在内的长期身体残疾1。该研究基于对截至2025年3月31日发布的79个国家数据进行的回顾分析得出上述结论1。科学家呼吁利用空间风险数据指导政策制定，以协助实现世界卫生组织设定的到2030年将蛇咬伤死亡率和致残率减半的目标1。
Researchers from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine have published new estimates revealing that between 274,000 and 513,000 people die each year from snakebites 1. The study also indicates that up to seven million envenomation cases occur annually worldwide 1. It was found that more than half of the countries affected by snakebites lack data on recorded bites or poisoning cases, making this public health crisis largely hidden 1.
Sub-Saharan Africa bears the heaviest burden, accounting for 45% of global snakebite poisonings and deaths 1. Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Ethiopia are identified as facing high burdens 1. Additionally, over 800,000 survivors suffer long-term physical disabilities, such as amputations, every year 1. These findings are based on a review of data from 79 countries released up to March 31, 2025 1. Scientists call for the use of spatial risk data to guide policy toward achieving the World Health Organization’s target of halving snakebite mortality and disability rates by 2030 1.
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