新西兰目前约有200台加密货币ATM机，分布从奥克兰到因弗卡吉尔，自2023年商业运营商推出永久网络以来快速扩张[1]。这些机器虽然为缺乏银行账户的人提供了数字资产访问途径——新西兰约51,000名成年人在2021年没有银行账户[1]——但也逐渐成为反洗钱的挑战和诈骗的工具。新西兰银行监察员已确认有数万新西兰元通过加密货币ATM诈骗案件遭到损失[1]。
加密货币ATM的风险日益凸显。2025年美国联邦调查局收到超过13,400份涉及加密货币亭的投诉，报告总损失超过3.88亿美元[1]。这些机器的费用也相当可观，包括6-19%的交易费、NZ$1-5的固定费以及5-10%的汇率加价[1]。部分新西兰运营商允许的单笔交易金额高达9,500新西兰元[1]。
面对这些挑战，新西兰政府选择了有针对性的监管而非完全禁止，计划采取交易限额、冷却期和警告标识等措施来管控风险[1]。这一举措反映了监管部门在推动金融创新与保护消费者之间的平衡努力。
New Zealand's cryptocurrency ATM network has expanded rapidly since commercial operators launched permanent networks in 2023, with approximately 200 machines now distributed across the country from Auckland to Invercargill.[1] These machines provide digital asset access to unbanked populations, as roughly 51,000 New Zealand adults lacked bank accounts as of 2021.[1] However, the technology has become a vehicle for scams and organized crime, prompting the government to pursue targeted regulatory measures rather than outright prohibition.
The financial impact of crypto ATM fraud is substantial. In 2025, the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation received over 13,400 complaints involving cryptocurrency kiosks, with reported losses exceeding $3.88 billion.[1] New Zealand's Banking Ombudsman has confirmed that tens of thousands of New Zealand dollars have been lost through crypto ATM fraud schemes.[1] The machines themselves carry high transaction costs, ranging from 6–19% in trading fees, NZ$1–$5 fixed fees, and 5–10% currency markups.[1] Regulatory inconsistencies have created vulnerabilities; while Australian crypto ATMs impose a maximum cash deposit limit of 5,000 Australian dollars, some New Zealand operators permit transactions up to NZ$9,500.[1]
To address these risks while maintaining market access, New Zealand authorities are implementing protective measures including transaction limits, cooling-off periods, and mandatory warning signs.[1] This regulatory approach reflects a balance between enabling financial inclusion and mitigating the abuse of unmonitored cash transactions that enable money laundering and fraud.
