耶鲁大学研究人员利用机器学习和超过11000项化石测量数据，发现棘龙在其生命中的大部分时间都在水下生活1。研究团队通过分析数百具化石标本和现代生物，发现肢骨比例可以预测已灭绝生物的水生习性，准确率超过90%1。这项研究采用了二战时期海军部队开发的统计方法来判断已灭绝动物是否具有游泳适应性1。
棘龙生活在约1.13亿至9400万年前的北非地区1。除棘龙外，研究还显示古代海洋爬行动物（如中龙）并未完全适应水生生活，而是在水陆环境间往返1。领导作者卡勒布·戈登为完成博士学位的研究人员，现为自然历史博物馆博士后研究员1。研究成果已发表于《当代生物学》杂志2025年第35卷第24期1。
Researchers at Yale University have employed machine learning and over 11,000 fossil measurements to demonstrate that spinosaurus inhabited aquatic environments for the majority of its existence.1 The study analyzed hundreds of fossil specimens alongside modern organisms to establish that limb bone proportions can reliably predict the aquatic habits of extinct creatures.1 Using statistical methods originally developed by naval forces during World War II to assess swimming adaptation, the team achieved accuracy rates exceeding 90% in identifying species with soft-tissue fins and partial to complete aquatic lifestyles.1
Spinosaurus lived in North Africa approximately 113 million to 94 million years ago.1 The research, led by doctoral candidate Caleb Gordon—now a postdoctoral fellow at a natural history museum—incorporated photographs and CT scans alongside measurements collected for the analysis.1 The findings revealed that ancient marine reptiles such as ichthyosaurs did not achieve complete aquatic adaptation but rather transitioned between aquatic and terrestrial environments.1 The research was published in Current Biology, Volume 35, Issue 24, in 2025.1
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