菲律宾央行加息50个基点应对通胀 比索再创历史新低

菲律宾中央银行10月22日宣布将基准政策利率上调50个基点至5.5%，这是该央行连续第四次加息，也是自2023年2月以来首次单次加息幅度达到50个基点1。央行此举旨在应对持续上升的通胀压力，其中9月菲律宾通胀率升至7.2%1，今年前9个月平均通胀率为5.4%，超过央行2%-4%的目标区间1。

央行维持对今年平均通胀率的预测为6.1%，但将2027年预测从5.4%上调至6.0%1。央行行长雷莫洛纳表示不排除进一步加息的可能1。与此同时，比索对美元汇率再创历史新低，加剧了输入性通胀的压力1。

The Philippines' central bank announced on October 22 a half-percentage-point increase in its benchmark policy rate to 5.5%, marking the fourth consecutive rate hike and the first 50-basis-point single move since February 2023.1 The move exceeded market expectations as the monetary authority committed to further policy tightening in response to mounting inflationary pressures.1

Inflation in the Philippines reached 7.2% in September, well above the central bank's 2%-4% target range.1 The average inflation rate for the first nine months of the year stood at 5.4%, also exceeding the official target corridor.1 The central bank maintained its forecast for average annual inflation at 6.1% while upgrading its 2027 inflation projection from 5.4% to 6.0%.1 Central Bank Governor Remolona indicated that further rate increases remained possible, signaling the institution's readiness to intensify its inflation-fighting stance.1

The peso depreciated to near historic lows against the dollar, compounding inflationary pressures through import costs.1 This currency weakness, coupled with the aggressive policy tightening, underscores the dual challenges facing the Philippine economy as officials seek to restore price stability.