隆德大学研究人员通过风洞实验发现，欧洲夜鹰的翅膀设计在飞行性能上存在明显权衡。1这种每年在欧洲和南部非洲之间进行超长距离迁徙的鸟类，宽阔的翅膀尖端虽然有利于缓慢飞行和敏捷转向，但在高速飞行时会降低升力效率。1为了获得在缓慢飞行时的狩猎能力和机动灵活性，夜鹰牺牲了高速飞行的效率。
研究还揭示了夜鹰飞行机制中的一个独特特征：该物种能在向上拍打翅膀时产生推力，这种机制此前主要在蝙蝠和昆虫身上发现，在鸟类中较为罕见。1研究人员认为这种翅膀运动原理可能为无人机和拍翅飞行器的开发提供启发。1该研究成果已发表在《PLOS Biology》2026年第24卷第9期，文章编号为e3004023。1
Researchers at Lund University have uncovered a fundamental aerodynamic trade-off in the European nightjar, a bird that undertakes an extraordinary annual migration spanning thousands of miles between Europe and southern Africa 1. Through wind tunnel experiments, scientists discovered that the bird's distinctively broad wing tips enable exceptional maneuverability and hunting prowess during slow flight, but at the cost of reduced lift efficiency at higher speeds 1.
The study revealed an additional surprising capability: the nightjar generates thrust during the upstroke of its wings—a mechanism previously documented primarily in bats and insects rather than birds 1. This finding suggests that the nightjar's wing structure could offer valuable insights for the development of unmanned aircraft and flapping-wing aircraft designs 1. The research was published in PLOS Biology, Volume 24, Issue 9, article e3004023 in 2026 1.
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