近日，多名儿童因大量食用银鳕鱼出现血汞超标情况引发关注 1。专家指出，银鳕鱼等深海鱼可以食用，但需要合理控制食用方法和频率 1。甲基汞超标风险属于膳食累积风险，与食用频率、单次用量和食用者年龄体重密切相关 1。
根据国家标准 GB 2762-2025，银鳕鱼等肉食性鱼类甲基汞限值为 1.0 毫克/千克，普通非肉食性鱼类甲基汞限值为 0.5 毫克/千克 1。值得注意的是，婴幼儿辅食总汞限值仅为 0.02 毫克/千克，两者相差 50 倍 1。上海市市场监管局近两年公开通报的样品中，没有银鳕鱼甲基汞指标超过国家标准限值的情况 1。
联合国粮农组织与世界卫生组织规定的甲基汞总摄入参考限量为 1.6 微克/千克体重/周 1。以体重 60 公斤的成年人计算，每周甲基汞总摄入不应超过 96 微克，按银鳕鱼中值 0.30 毫克/千克计算，每周不应超过 320 克 1。同时，健康成人每天 EPA 与 DHA 合计摄入 250 毫克至 2000 毫克较为合适 1。
为了降低风险，专家建议优先选择三文鱼、鲭鱼、真鳕鱼等重金属富集程度较低的海水鱼，少吃鲨鱼、剑鱼、旗鱼、金枪鱼、银鳕鱼等大型肉食性海水鱼 1。
Recent cases of multiple children developing elevated blood mercury levels after consuming large quantities of sablefish have drawn widespread public attention to the safety of deep-sea fish consumption 1. Experts clarify that deep-sea fish like sablefish remain safe to eat, but consumption methods and frequency require careful consideration 1.
According to national standards GB 2762-2025, sablefish and other predatory fish species have a methylmercury limit of 1.0 milligram per kilogram, while non-predatory fish are limited to 0.5 milligrams per kilogram 1. Shanghai's market regulatory authority found no sablefish samples exceeding the national methylmercury standard in publicly disclosed inspections over the past two years 1. The risk of methylmercury excess represents a cumulative dietary risk that depends on consumption frequency, single-serving quantity, and the consumer's age and body weight 1. In stark contrast, infant formula has a total mercury limit of just 0.02 milligrams per kilogram—a 50-fold difference from sablefish standards 1.
The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization set a weekly methylmercury reference intake limit of 1.6 micrograms per kilogram of body weight 1. For a 60-kilogram adult, this translates to a maximum weekly intake of 96 micrograms; based on sablefish's average methylmercury content of 0.30 milligrams per kilogram, weekly consumption should not exceed 320 grams 1. Other deep-sea species vary considerably: Antarctic toothfish averages 0.35 milligrams per kilogram, while Atlantic cod averages 0.111 milligrams per kilogram 1. Healthy adults should consume between 250 milligrams and 2,000 milligrams of combined EPA and DHA daily 1.
Experts recommend prioritizing lower heavy-metal-accumulation fish species such as salmon, mackerel, and Atlantic cod, while limiting consumption of sharks, swordfish, billfishes, tuna, and sablefish 1.
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