联合国教科文组织在国际女童日前夕发布性别专题报告，指出虽然全球教育性别差距有所缩小，但童婚和早孕仍是女童完成学业的主要障碍 1。报告显示，全球18岁前结婚的女童比例从2000年的25%降至2025年的18%，但地区差异明显：中亚和南亚仍为25%，撒哈拉以南非洲更高达31% 1。
2024年，撒哈拉以南非洲有600万名10-19岁的早孕少女和年轻母亲失学 1。在这一地区，怀孕或在育儿的女童中，重返校园的比例不足5% 1。
部分地区教育性别平等已取得显著进展 1。1990-2024年间，尼泊尔初中教育完成率的男女差距缩小了33个百分点；2006-2022年间，沙特高等教育入学率的性别差距缩小四分之三 1。
然而，政策保护仍存在空白 1。虽然58%的国家禁止基于生理性别或社会性别的歧视，但只有35%的国家明确规定保护怀孕和育儿女童的受教育权 1。报告指出，90%接受调查的东部和南部非洲国家已实施政策支持怀孕和育儿青少年继续学业或重返校园 1。
联合国教科文组织总干事阿纳尼表示，过去几十年来，全球教育性别平等取得了重大进展 1。
UNESCO released a gender-focused report ahead of International Day of the Girl Child, revealing that while global gender gaps in education have narrowed, child marriage and early pregnancy remain major obstacles to girls completing their schooling.1 The proportion of girls married before age 18 has declined from 25% in 2000 to 18% in 2025 globally, yet significant regional disparities persist.1 Central Asia and South Asia still report 25% of girls married before age 18, while sub-Saharan Africa faces a much higher rate of 31%.1
Early pregnancy presents an acute barrier to educational continuation in sub-Saharan Africa, where six million girls aged 10-19 were out of school due to early pregnancy or motherhood in 2024.1 Among pregnant or parenting girls in the region, fewer than 5% successfully return to school.1 The report underscores the need to protect the educational rights of pregnant and parenting girls, noting that 58% of countries have policies prohibiting discrimination based on sex or gender, yet only 35% explicitly safeguard educational access for pregnant and parenting students.1 Encouragingly, 90% of surveyed countries in eastern and southern Africa have implemented policies supporting pregnant and parenting adolescents to continue or resume their education.1
Progress on gender equality in education has been substantial in some regions.1 Nepal narrowed the gender gap in lower secondary completion rates by 33 percentage points between 1990 and 2024, while Saudi Arabia reduced the gender disparity in higher education enrollment by three-quarters between 2006 and 2022.1 UNESCO Director-General Ananyi stated that significant progress in global educational gender equality has been achieved over recent decades.1
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