特朗普政府本周宣布大幅削弱美国燃油经济性标准，将企业平均燃油经济性(CAFE)标准从每加仑50英里下调至约35英里，新规将于2031年生效1。政府以"自由意味着更便宜的汽车"倡议为名，声称这一举措将为美国纳税人在未来五年节省1380亿美元，并使新车平均价格下降1300美元1。
然而，批评人士指出这一政策的实际代价远超初期节省。民主党参议员谢尔登·怀特豪斯表示"前期节省会被燃油超额成本抵消"1。被削弱的规则原本将在2050年前防止超过7.1亿公吨二氧化碳排放1。工业和关注科学家联盟的研究表明，旧版CAFE法规自2010年以来已为美国消费者节省约3210亿美元1。此外，美国运输部门占全国温室气体排放的近28%1。
特朗普政府在削弱燃油标准之前已采取其他举措，包括去年消除了轻型和重型车辆的温室气体排放标准，并取消了新电动汽车7500美元的税收抵免1。而拜登政府在2024年实施的效率标准原计划在25年内节省700亿加仑燃油1。
The Trump administration's Department of Transportation has significantly rolled back corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards this week, reducing the required fleet average fuel efficiency to approximately 35 miles per gallon from the previously mandated 50 miles per gallon, with the new rules set to take effect by 2031 1. The administration framed the move as part of its "Freedom Means Cheaper Cars" initiative, claiming American taxpayers will save $138 billion over the next five years and that new vehicles will cost an average of $1,300 less 1.
However, critics argue these upfront savings will be offset by significantly higher fuel costs for consumers and substantial environmental consequences 1. The weakened standards will fail to prevent more than 710 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions by 2050—emissions that the previous Biden-era efficiency rules were designed to avoid 1. Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse stated that "early savings will be negated by fuel overages," while Dan Becker, director of the Center for Automotive Transportation Programs, noted that the United States consumes 20 million barrels of oil daily, accounting for 20 percent of global consumption 1.
This represents the latest in a series of environmental policy reversals by the Trump administration, which previously eliminated greenhouse gas emission standards for light and heavy vehicles and canceled the $7,500 tax credit for new electric vehicles 1. The transportation sector accounts for nearly 28 percent of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions 1.
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