欧洲多个主要城市正在面临严峻的住房危机，租金价格持续攀升，各地政府纷纷推出多样化的平价住房措施予以应对。1维也纳拥有约220000套市政公寓和200000套补贴住房，超过60%的居民住在这两类住房中，成为可借鉴的典范。1
各城市采取了不同的创新策略来扩大可负担住房的供应。巴塞尔约40%的合作住房单位位于公有土地上，通过出租公有土地给合作社的方式推进住房建设。1巴黎今年确定了61个项目，可将空置办公楼改造成最多8200套住房，并制定了到2035年实现30%的低收入社会住房占比的目标。1布拉格为公务员建设660套新能源高效公寓，目标将租金保持在市场价格的20%以下。1都柏林的成本租赁住房项目对符合条件者的租金比市场价低约30%，家庭年净收入需低于66000欧元（75000美元），政府希望到本十年末提供18000套低成本租赁住房。1去年都柏林有4200多人申请104套新住房，反映出需求的巨大差距。1
Europe's major urban centers are confronting a severe housing crisis marked by soaring rental prices, prompting city governments to experiment with diverse approaches to expand affordable housing stock.1 Vienna has emerged as a leader in this effort, maintaining approximately 220,000 municipal apartments and 200,000 subsidized units, with over 60% of residents living in these two categories of housing.1 Basel has similarly built affordable housing on public land, with roughly 40% of its cooperative housing units situated on municipally-owned property.1
Other European cities are pursuing complementary strategies. Paris has set an ambitious target to achieve 30% low-income social housing by 2035, and this year identified 61 projects that could convert vacant office buildings into as many as 8,200 residential units.1 Prague is constructing 660 energy-efficient apartments for civil servants, with rents designed to remain 20% below market rates.1 Dublin's cost-rental housing program offers qualifying residents rents approximately 30% lower than market prices for households with annual net income below 66,000 euros (approximately 75,000 dollars), though demand vastly exceeded supply last year when more than 4,200 people applied for just 104 new units.1 The Dublin government aims to provide 18,000 low-cost rental units by the end of the decade.1 Berlin voters approved an initiative five years ago to expropriate large real estate companies holding more than 3,000 units.1
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