中国教育竞争日益激烈，暑假期间网络流行"预制娃"一词，用以形容学生病态的超前学习现象1。广州实验中学校长张先龙指出，这一问题已对学生心理造成严重影响。根据《中国中小学生心理健康状况调研报告（2025）》，有11%的中小学生心理状况较差，亟待专业干预1。张先龙表示："目前中小学生抑郁和学业焦虑比例较高，且厌学现象普遍存在"1。
尽管中国于2021年7月推出"双减"政策以缓解教育压力，但5年多过去后，教育内卷现象未见降温，补习产业转为地下运作1。北京家长反映，"双减"后考试难度不降反升，"预制"学习已成必要配置1。初中数学、物理的"压轴题"难度大幅提升，英语超纲单词也明显增多1。此外，家长还反映教师公布班级最高分和平均分进行横向比较，甚至点名低分学生，加剧了学生的心理压力1。张先龙还批评四川凉山一场会议要求低分教师与"耻辱"二字合照1。
China's education sector is grappling with an intensifying culture of excessive early learning, with the term "pre-made children" gaining traction on social media this summer to describe pathological patterns of accelerated study 1. A 2025 mental health survey of Chinese primary and secondary school students revealed that 11% face significantly compromised psychological conditions requiring professional intervention 1. Zhang Xianlong, principal of Guangzhou Experimental Middle School, emphasized that depression and academic anxiety are widespread among students, alongside pervasive school avoidance behaviors 1.
The competitive pressures persist despite policy interventions. China introduced the "double reduction" policy in July 2021 aimed at alleviating educational burden, yet more than five years later, the underlying competition culture remains unabated 1. Tutoring has shifted largely underground, while exam difficulty has actually increased rather than decreased 1. Beijing parents report that since the policy's implementation, standardized test content has grown more challenging, with junior high mathematics and physics now featuring significantly harder capstone problems and English exams containing vocabulary beyond official curricula 1. Teachers' public comparisons of class-wide score rankings and highest marks, sometimes accompanied by identifying underperforming students by name, further intensify pressure on learners 1. School officials have also implemented controversial practices, including a requirement documented in Sichuan's Liangshan region for underperforming teachers to pose for photographs alongside the character for "shame" 1.
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