瓦伊卡托大学的研究人员为了探究为何某些机器人会让人感到不舒适，设计了一项系统调查1。他们采用了Paweł Woźniak在2021年提出的"感知到的技术令人不适的程度量表"，该量表涵盖三个维度：不可取性、隐含恶意和不可预测性1。五位人机交互专家按照这一标准评估了六个商业社交机器人，但评估结果却难以达成一致意见1。值得注意的是，其中一个机器人犬同时出现在"最令人不适"和"最不令人不适"的排名中1。
为了进一步验证假设，研究团队故意构建了一个名为Spike的机器人，融入了各种可能令人感到不适的特征1。在对104名参与者的测试中，人们对这个机器人的评价差异巨大——有人认为它愤怒或令人不安，而有人则觉得它很酷甚至可爱1。研究结论表明，对机器人令人不适感的感知具有高度个人化和主观性，可能不存在通用的"令人不适的机器人公式"1。
Researchers at the University of Waikato deliberately designed and constructed a robot called Spike to investigate why certain machines trigger discomfort in humans.1 The study built upon Paweł Woźniak's "Perceived Uncanniness of Technology Scale," which measures unease across three dimensions: undesirability, implied malice, and unpredictability.1 When five human-computer interaction experts evaluated six commercial social robots using this framework, they found no consensus on which machines were most unsettling.1 One robot dog notably appeared simultaneously on both the "most creepy" and "least creepy" lists, highlighting the subjective nature of these assessments.1
The research team then tested their custom-built Spike robot with 104 participants to examine how deliberately incorporated unsettling features would be received.1 Responses proved highly inconsistent: some participants found the robot angry or disturbing, while others considered it cool or even cute.1 The findings suggest that perceptions of uncanniness in robots are deeply personal and individualized, with no universal formula for what makes a machine feel creepy.1
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