欧洲央行将黄金储备转移出美国

欧洲多国央行正在将黄金储备从美国转移至其他地区。1荷兰央行近期将约86吨黄金从纽约转移至伦敦，1法国央行也计划在2025年7月至2026年1月期间撤出纽约联邦储备行的全部黄金敞口。1荷兰央行表示此举系因"地缘政治不安"和改善"危机应对能力"的需要，1而法国央行行长弗朗索瓦·维莱鲁瓦·德·加尔劳表示这一转移不具政治动机。1

德国和意大利等国政界人士呼吁将黄金转移出美国，对特朗普政府的不可预测政策和对欧盟的敌对态度感到担忧。1德国央行目前在美国仍持有1000多吨黄金。1挪威主权财富基金经理也表示需要大幅减少美国国债敞口。1

Central banks across Europe are moving substantial quantities of gold out of the United States amid growing concerns about geopolitical instability and American policy reliability.1 The Dutch central bank recently transferred approximately 86 tons of gold from New York to London,1 while the French central bank is withdrawing its entire gold holdings from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York over the period from July 2025 to January 2026.1 These moves reflect broader anxiety about the unpredictability of Trump administration policies and its adversarial stance toward the European Union, concerns voiced by policymakers in Germany, Italy, and other member states who have called for relocating their gold reserves away from American custody.1

The shift underscores a significant change in central bank behavior over recent years.1 Global central banks have accumulated an average of 1,000 tons of gold over the past four years, substantially higher than the 500-ton average accumulated during the preceding decade.1 The Dutch central bank justified its relocation decision by citing "geopolitical unease" and the need to improve "crisis response capabilities,"1 though French central bank governor François Villeroy de Galhau stated that his institution's transfer carried no political motivation.1 Germany continues to hold over 1,000 tons of gold in the United States, though it had already repatriated 300 tons between 2013 and 2017.1 The Bank of England maintains approximately 400,000 gold bars valued at roughly $270 billion (€232 billion),1 and managers of Norway's sovereign wealth fund have indicated a need to significantly reduce their exposure to United States government debt.1