澳大利亚储备银行（RBA）五年来一直试图将通货膨胀控制在2.5%的目标以内，但长期未能成功，引发生活成本危机1。RBA副行长Andrew Hauser承认人们对通胀感到愤怒，并表示该行需要采取更严厉的措施1。今年RBA的九人董事会期望通过三次利率上调来实现通胀目标，但这些举措迄今未能有效控制物价上涨1。
通胀形势面临多重挑战。全球油价基准自7月以来首次升至每桶100美元以上，澳大利亚国内无铅汽油价格接近2.10澳元每升，柴油突破2.50澳元每升1。自2021年中期以来，澳大利亚年度通胀仅有一年低于3%，而同期失业率几乎全部低于5%，创下该国现代历史纪录1。面对这一局面，金融市场预测RBA在9月29日有超过70%的可能性再次加息1。
Australia's Reserve Bank has struggled for five years to keep inflation within its 2.5 percent target, contributing to a mounting cost-of-living crisis across the country.1 The central bank's nine-member board had hoped that three interest rate increases implemented this year would bring inflation under control, but the strategy has failed to achieve its objective.1
RBA Deputy Governor Andrew Hauser acknowledged the public's frustration, stating that "People are furious about inflation" and signaling that the bank may need to pursue more aggressive measures.1 Multiple pressures are undermining the effectiveness of rate rises, including surging global oil prices, which reached above $100 per barrel for the first time since July, and rising investment in data centers.1 Unleaded petrol prices have climbed to nearly $2.10 per liter, while diesel has exceeded $2.50 per liter.1 Since mid-2021, annual inflation has fallen below three percent in only one year, a persistent challenge for policymakers.1
Financial markets are pricing in a greater than 70 percent probability that the RBA will raise rates again on September 29.1 The decision comes as unemployment has remained below five percent throughout the period—a modern record for Australia—suggesting limited room for labor market slack to ease wage and price pressures.1
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