美联社的调查显示,美国各州在公立学校教授9/11历史的方式差异明显1。一些州制定了具体的教学法律要求,而其他州仅作建议或由地方学区自主决定1。
在明确规定教学内容的州中,佛罗里达州2023年的法律要求在部分中学和高中课程中每年至少安排45分钟的9/11相关教学1。宾州于2024年颁布法律,规定学校每年9月11日纪念日举行默哀仪式,州教育部门须制定示范课程1。纽约州2019年法律规定学校每年9月11日举行默哀仪式1。德克萨斯州2013年法律要求学校在开课日期间每年9月11日进行一分钟默哀1。威斯康星州2022年法律将9月11日列为必须在公立学校恰当纪念的纪念日1。爱荷华州2024年的法律明确要求教授9/11及反恐战争1,阿拉巴马州2024年修订社会科学标准,扩大现代历史课程覆盖范围,将9/11事件纳入其中1。
许多州的教学标准不仅涵盖袭击事件本身,还要求学生评估美国对9/11的反应效果1。这些评估议题包括阿富汗和伊拉克战争、《爱国者法案》,以及国土安全与公民自由之间的平衡等方面1。
An AP News investigation reveals that American states employ vastly different methods for teaching the history of September 11 and its consequences in public schools.1 Some states have enacted specific legislation mandating instruction, while others leave decisions to local school districts or offer only optional guidelines.1
Among the states with formal requirements, Florida enacted a 2023 law requiring at least 45 minutes of 9/11-related instruction annually in certain middle and high school courses.1 Pennsylvania's 2024 law mandates that schools hold a moment of silence on September 11 each year, with the state education department required to develop sample curricula.1 New York established a 2019 requirement for annual September 11 observances in schools.1 Texas has required a one-minute moment of silence on that date since 2013.1 Wisconsin designated September 11 as a day that must be appropriately commemorated in public schools through a 2022 law,1 and Iowa passed a 2024 law explicitly requiring instruction on 9/11 and the War on Terror.1
The scope of 9/11-related instruction extends beyond the attacks themselves.1 Alabama expanded its social science standards in 2024 to broaden coverage of modern history, including the September 11 attacks.1 Many state standards require students to evaluate the effectiveness of America's response to 9/11, examining topics such as the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, the Patriot Act, and the balance between national security and civil liberties.1
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