北京师范大学何浩然、安露露与国家开发银行林嘉玥三位学者近期发表研究文章，通过社会实验揭示了中国就业市场对海归的态度。1研究团队投递了4500份虚构简历至2250个真实招聘岗位，持续三个月的追踪实验发现，海归硕士求职者获得面试反馈的概率相对本土求职者低16.2%。1
这一发现的背景是，2025年中国出国留学人员为57.06万人，已回落至十年前的水平，而同期国内求职的海归人数较上一年增长5%，其中80.9%拥有硕士学位。1
研究表明，雇主的顾虑并非源于对海归的简单刻板印象，而是对国外教育质量的不确定性以及担心高学历海归可能因综合素质过高而离职。1值得注意的是，学校排名较高的海归研究生受到的人力资源部门偏见更小，而外资企业对海外院校更为了解，表现出的偏见显著更小。1此外，工作经验能够在一定程度上降低企业对海归身份的顾虑。1研究还发现，偏见主要来自对学历要求低或薪水较低企业的招聘岗位。1
Three scholars from Beijing Normal University and the China Development Bank have released research revealing significant employment discrimination against Chinese returnees with overseas master's degrees.1 Through a field experiment involving 4,500 fictitious resumes submitted to 2,250 real job postings over three months, the researchers discovered that overseas returnees received interview callback rates 16.2 percent lower than domestic candidates for the same positions.1
The study, conducted by He Haoran and An Lulu from Beijing Normal University's School of Economics and Business Management, along with Lin Jiayue from the China Development Bank, identifies employer skepticism about foreign education quality and concerns over potential high turnover among overqualified returnees as primary sources of bias, rather than simple stereotyping.1 The discrimination is particularly pronounced at companies with lower educational requirements or salary offerings.1 Conversely, overseas graduates from higher-ranking institutions experience less bias from recruiters, and foreign enterprises—more familiar with international universities—show significantly smaller hiring prejudice against returnees.1 Work experience serves as a mitigating factor, helping to reduce employer concerns about candidates' overseas backgrounds.1
The research emerges amid shifting trends in China's education landscape. In 2025, the number of Chinese nationals studying abroad declined to 570,600, falling back to levels not seen in a decade, while the domestic pool of job-seeking returnees grew five percent year-on-year, with 80.9 percent holding master's degrees.1
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