美国迈阿密大学研究团队的最新研究挑战了长期以来关于锤头鲨头部发育的认知1。研究人员在2022年5月至2023年5月期间，对采集自比斯坎湾和坦帕湾的锤头鲨进行了详细对比分析，其中比斯坎湾105条、坦帕湾39条1。这项研究发现，无论雌雄个体，锤头鲨都从尖头开始，随着年龄增长头部逐渐变圆，这一变化趋势在雌性个体中尤为明显1。
这一发现推翻了此前的理论——即雄性锤头鲨只有在成熟后才会发展出尖头的假说1。研究还排除了一个可能的解释因素，表明食物差异并非导致不同个体间头部形态差异的原因1。然而，真正驱动这种头部形态变化的机制仍然是科学之谜1。该研究已发表于《Integrative Organismal Biology》期刊2026年第8卷第1期1。
Researchers from the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric and Earth Science have challenged long-held assumptions about how hammerhead sharks develop their distinctive head shape 1. A study comparing 105 sharks from Biscayne Bay with 39 from Tampa Bay, conducted between May 2022 and May 2023, found that both male and female hammerheads begin life with pointed heads that gradually become more rounded as they age 1.
The research overturns the previous theory that males only develop pointed heads after reaching maturity 1. Instead, the findings reveal that head morphology changes throughout the sharks' lives, with females showing particularly pronounced rounding over time 1. While the study ruled out dietary differences as a factor in these variations, the actual biological mechanism driving these changes remains unknown 1.
The findings were published in Integrative Organismal Biology, Volume 8, Issue 1, in 2026 1.
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