斐济正经历全球增长最快的HIV疫情，成为当前国际公共卫生的紧迫挑战。[1]该国成人HIV感染率已达1.6%，意味着约60个成人中有1人感染。[1]疫情的严重程度反映在诊疗覆盖的低下——仅三分之一的感染者知晓自己的病情，只有四分之一正在接受治疗。[1]专家预测，年均新增感染病例将在2030年前增加两倍。[1]斐济在2025年1月宣布疫情爆发，[1]自此已建立国家HIV疫情群集应对工作组应对危机。
疫情背后存在多重驱动因素。甲基苯丙胺使用增加、防治资金中断、医疗系统承压和社会污名化等问题加剧了传播风险。[1]疫情对包括儿童在内的易感人群造成直接威胁——平均每周有一名儿童在斐济出生时感染HIV，每月有一人死于艾滋病相关并发症。[1]为遏制疫情蔓延，斐济已着手扩大HIV检测与治疗范围，并推进包括长效预防药物等预防工具的应用。[1]斐济国家HIV疫情群集应对工作组负责人Jason Mitchell表示："重要的是谈论斐济发生的事情，因为这可能发生在世界任何地方。"[1]
国际支援正在逐步到位。澳大利亚最近承诺贡献超过1000万美元支持斐济的HIV防控工作，[1]全球基金也正在扩大长效HIV预防药物Lenacapavir的获取途径。[1]
Fiji is experiencing one of the world's fastest-growing HIV epidemics, with an adult infection rate of 1.6 percent, meaning approximately one in sixty adults is infected [1]. The country declared a public health emergency in January 2025 [1]. Experts project that annual new infections will triple by 2030 [1], with the outbreak driven by rising methamphetamine use, interrupted prevention funding, healthcare system strain, and social stigma [1].
The scale of the crisis is evident in the current treatment landscape. Only one-third of infected individuals are aware of their status, and just one-quarter are receiving treatment [1]. Each week, on average, one child is born with HIV in Fiji, and one person dies from AIDS-related complications monthly [1]. In response, Fiji has established a dedicated outbreak response task group to expand testing and treatment while advancing prevention tools such as PrEP [1]. Jason Mitchell, head of Fiji's National HIV Outbreak Cluster Response Task Force, stressed the urgency of the situation, stating: "It is important to talk about what is happening in Fiji because it could happen anywhere in the world" [1].
International support is beginning to mobilize. Australia recently committed over 10 million dollars to support Fiji's HIV prevention and control efforts [1]. The Global Fund is expanding access to Lenacapavir, a long-acting HIV prevention medication [1]. Fiji has appealed to neighbouring Pacific nations to provide additional technical assistance and backing to help contain the outbreak and prevent further spread across the region [1].
