生态环境法典将于2025年8月15日施行，这部法典共包含5编1242条规定[1]。深圳法院系统近年来积极探索和完善环境资源案件审判机制，通过建立专业化、系统化的司法保护体系，在生态文明建设中发挥重要作用。
深圳已形成集刑事、民事、行政为一体的"三审合一"审判模式[1]。龙岗区法院自2020年6月设立环资法庭，率先推行这一归口审理机制[1]。2022年5月，深圳中院成立环境资源审判庭，成为全省首个实行"三审合一"的中级法院专门审判机构[1]。此外，深圳中院自2020年起集中管理五市环境民事公益诉讼一审案件[1]，并于2025年印发《关于适用认购碳汇履责方式的实施意见（试行）》[1]，进一步推动司法与生态修复相结合。
深圳法院在环保审判中坚持预防为主、修复优先原则[1]，相关案件成效显著。在进口固体废物案中，10990千克非法进口贝壳被依法退运，相关商行被罚款50万元[1]。一起建设用地土壤污染案中，电镀厂被判赔偿3005万余元，其中3003万元用于生态修复[1]。在非法占用农用地案件中，约270亩基本农田被压占毁坏，二被告人各被判有期徒刑二年六个月[1]。这些典型案件体现了深圳法院跨区域、跨类型的专业化审判体系在个案裁判与生态环保系统治理中的结合探索。
Shenzhen's environmental and resource courts are reinforcing their commitment to ecological protection ahead of the Ecological Environment Code's implementation scheduled for August 15, 2025.[1] The code comprises five sections and 1,242 articles, establishing a comprehensive legal framework for environmental governance.[1]
Since 2020, Shenzhen's courts have developed a specialized and unified approach to environmental cases. The Intermediate People's Court of Shenzhen has centralized the management of environmental civil public interest litigation cases across the five municipalities.[1] The Environmental and Resources Tribunal of Longgang District Court, established in June 2020, pioneered a "three-in-one" adjudication model that consolidates criminal, civil, and administrative proceedings under one judicial body.[1] This innovation was adopted at the provincial level when the Shenzhen Intermediate Court established its own Environmental and Resources Tribunal in May 2022, making it the first intermediate court in Guangdong Province to implement the unified model.[1]
The court system has translated this institutional framework into concrete action on landmark cases. In a case involving imported shellfish waste, approximately 10,990 kilograms of solid waste were returned to the exporting country, and the trading company was fined 500,000 yuan.[1] A construction site soil contamination case resulted in an electroplating factory being ordered to pay over 30.05 million yuan in compensation, with 30.03 million yuan earmarked for ecological restoration.[1] In another matter concerning illegal occupation of farmland, approximately 270 acres of basic agricultural land were damaged or destroyed, leading both defendants to receive prison sentences of two years and six months each.[1]
