国家电网、国家电投和南方电网等中国能源企业正在海外能源项目中积极践行环境、社会和治理（ESG）理念，探索兼顾生态保护与能源普惠的长期共生模式。[1]
美丽山二期输电工程是这一实践的典型代表。该项目全长2539公里，穿越亚马孙雨林、塞拉多热带草原和大西洋沿岸雨林三个生态区域，绕过20个自然保护区，是世界上输送距离最长的±800千伏直流输电工程。[1]项目在巴西成为近十年来第一个"零环保处罚"的大型电力工程，环保总投入近4000万人民币。[1]
社区融合与公众参与同样是中国能源企业海外项目的重要特征。南方电网KILO项目在建设前组织了183场活动，收到16700份来自社区居民、原住民部落和环保组织的意见。[1]南方电网老挝南塔河水电项目从2014年启动到2028年生计恢复工作完成，跨度超过十四年，最终解决40多万人的用电问题。[1]国家电投帕纳蒂—马兰加图光伏项目展示了建设效率，总装机73.8万千瓦，仅耗时500多天建成投运。[1]
在全球能源转型背景下，中国已作出重大承诺。2021年9月，中国对外承诺不再新建境外煤电项目。[1]与此同时，全球能源贫困形势仍然严峻，预计2026年全球有6.6亿人生活在没有电力的黑暗中，其中86%集中于撒哈拉以南的非洲。[1]
Chinese energy enterprises are implementing environmental and social governance strategies across their international operations, balancing infrastructure development with ecological protection and community engagement. State Grid Corporation, State Power Investment Corporation, and China Southern Power Grid have undertaken major projects spanning multiple continents that demonstrate commitment to sustainable practices and local stakeholder integration.[1]
The Beautiful Mountains II transmission line exemplifies this approach.[1] Stretching 2,539 kilometers, the project traverses the Amazon rainforest, Cerrado tropical savanna, and Atlantic coastal rainforest ecosystems while circumventing 20 nature reserves, making it the world's longest ±800 kilovolt direct current transmission engineering project.[1] The project achieved zero environmental penalties over a decade—a rare distinction for large-scale power infrastructure in Brazil—with environmental investments totaling approximately 40 million yuan.[1]
Other major initiatives reflect similar commitments to operational excellence and community consultation.[1] State Power Investment Corporation's Panati-Marangatu solar facility, with a capacity of 738,000 kilowatts, was constructed and commissioned in just over 500 days.[1] China Southern Power Grid's KILO project conducted 183 stakeholder engagement activities before construction commenced, collecting 16,700 responses from community residents, indigenous groups, and environmental organizations.[1] The company's Nam Theun River hydropower project in Laos, initiated in 2014 with livelihood restoration activities extending to 2028, addressed electricity access for over 400,000 people across a 14-year implementation span.[1]
These initiatives reflect broader policy shifts within China's energy sector.[1] In September 2021, China pledged to cease construction of new coal-fired power projects abroad.[1] The projects also respond to persistent global energy poverty; 660 million people are projected to lack electricity access in 2026, with 86 percent concentrated south of the Sahara.[1]
