中国最高人民法院12日发布了商业特许经营典型案例，对特许人存在传销、诈骗、违规营销等违法行为充分运用行政执法和刑事司法手段进行处置[1]。此举明确了特许经营领域罪与非罪的认定标准，为市场监管和司法保护提供了指引[1]。
发布的案例涵盖多种违法情形[1]。在"某公司与福州市商务局行政处罚案"中，特许人因违规开展特许经营活动被商务主管部门行政处罚[1]。另一起"叶某、谭某、石某、乔某合同诈骗案"中，被告人在不具备特许经营资质的情况下，诱骗被害人签订加盟合同并骗取加盟费，法院认定其构成合同诈骗罪[1]。
专家认为，这些裁判对实践具有重要指导意义[1]。中国法学会行政法学研究会副会长章剑生指出，裁判标准对防止特许人通过虚假申报直营店数量规避行政监管具有重要意义[1]。中国政法大学副校长刘艳红表示，相关案例确立了"套路加盟"类合同诈骗罪的认定标准和裁判规则[1]。
China's Supreme People's Court released typical cases involving commercial franchise operations on August 12, establishing clear enforcement standards against unlawful conduct in the sector [1]. The guidance aims to provide direction for market regulators and judicial authorities in protecting legitimate business practices and consumers.
Among the cases disclosed, one involved a company being subjected to administrative penalties by the Commerce Department for conducting unauthorized franchise operations [1]. A separate case centered on individuals who, lacking the requisite qualifications to operate a franchise system, deceived victims into signing franchise agreements and fraudulently obtained franchise fees, with the court determining they had committed contract fraud [1]. These rulings established both guilt and non-guilt determination standards applicable to franchise-related violations [1].
Legal experts underscored the significance of these precedents. According to a vice president of the Administrative Law Research Association of the China Law Society, the adjudication standards carry important implications for preventing franchise operators from circumventing regulatory oversight through false declarations of the number of directly operated stores [1]. A vice president of China University of Political Science and Law noted that the cases establish recognition standards and adjudication rules for identifying "scheme-based franchise" contract fraud [1].