美国能源部托马斯杰斐逊国家加速器实验室的GlueX合作团队在寻找Y(2175)粒子的研究中，意外发现了两个新的奇异亚原子粒子结构1。这两个结构分别被命名为Y(2240)（质量约2.24 GeV）和X(1830)（质量约1.82 GeV）1。其中Y(2240)的检测置信度达到5σ（99.9994%），X(1830)的置信度为3σ（99.7%）1。
这项研究采用光产生过程进行实验，这是Y(2175)粒子首次通过这一方式被观测1。研究人员原本预期在特定位置发现Y(2175)，但未能在预期地点找到，反而意外发现了这两个新结构1。两个新发现的粒子可能属于XYZ态家族，不符合传统夸克模型的预测1。GlueX团队利用CEBAF加速器设施产生的高能光子束具有独特的强度和能量优势，为这一发现提供了支持1。这些成果已发表在《物理评论快报》2026年136卷25期，有望帮助物理学家深化对夸克和胶子如何结合形成物质的理解1。
Researchers at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory's GlueX collaboration have identified two previously unknown exotic subatomic particle structures while investigating the Y(2175) particle.1 The newly discovered structures, designated Y(2240) and X(1830), represent masses of approximately 2.24 GeV and 1.82 GeV respectively.1 Both structures likely belong to the XYZ state family and deviate from predictions made by conventional quark models.1
The Y(2240) structure was detected with a confidence level of 5 sigma, equivalent to 99.9994% certainty, while the X(1830) achieved a 3 sigma confidence level of 99.7%.1 Although researchers expected to locate the Y(2175) particle at a specific energy level, they instead encountered these two unexpected structures through photoproduction processes.1 The GlueX collaboration used the CEBAF accelerator facility to generate high-energy photon beams with distinctive intensity and energy advantages.1 The findings, which may help physicists better understand how quarks and gluons combine to form matter, have been published in Physical Review Letters, Volume 136, Issue 25, in 2026.1
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