叙利亚法院以战争罪和反人类罪对前总统巴沙尔·阿萨德及其兄长马赫尔缺席判处死刑[1]。两人在2024年12月被反对派闪电攻势推翻后逃往莫斯科[1]。法院指控阿萨德在长达14年的内战中策划谋杀、刑讯逼供和任意逮捕，具体罪名包括"蓄意预谋谋杀多人及儿童"和"刑讯逼供、任意逮捕及反人类罪"[1]。
自2011年开始的内战导致约50万人丧生[1]。反对派的推翻行动耗时11天[1]。俄罗斯曾拒绝对阿萨德的引渡请求[1]。阿萨德政权被推翻后，叙利亚遭遇报复性暴力，2025年3月约1500名主要是阿拉维派的平民在杀戮中丧生[1]，同年7月苏韦达省的宗派性杀戮又造成超过1700人死亡[1]。
A Syrian court has sentenced former president Bashar al-Assad and his brother Maher to death in absentia on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity.[1] The verdict comes after the pair fled to Moscow in December 2024 following the collapse of Assad's government during an opposition offensive that lasted eleven days.[1]
The court found al-Assad guilty of orchestrating premeditated murder of multiple people including children, torture, arbitrary detention, and crimes against humanity over the course of the fourteen-year civil war that began in 2011.[1] Al-Assad assumed power in 2000 at age 34.[1] The Syrian government under his rule has been held responsible for approximately 500,000 deaths during the conflict.[1] Russia, where the two fugitives have taken refuge, has previously refused extradition requests.[1]
The sentencing follows a period of sectarian violence in post-Assad Syria. Approximately 1,500 people, primarily Alawite civilians, were killed in retaliatory killings in March 2025.[1] Sectarian murders in Sweida province claimed over 1,700 lives in July 2025.[1]