中国2026年上半年对外贸易格局发生重大转变。据统计，中国上半年对外进出口合计3.67万亿美元，同比增长21.2%[1]，其中出口2.13万亿美元，增长17.5%；进口1.55万亿美元，增长26.7%[1]。贸易伙伴排序已然改写：东协成为第一大贸易伙伴，占中国全部贸易的17.0%，上半年增长22.5%[1]；美国贸易额占比仅为7.9%，年减0.1%[1]。相比之下，欧盟占比12.2%，年增长14.2%[1]。
从长期趋势看，中国贸易格局的区域重心正在显著东移。北美洲贸易占比从1995年的16.0%下降至2026年上半年的9.3%[1]，而东协则从2005年的9.2%上升至2026年上半年的17.0%[1]。亚洲地区在中国全部贸易中的占比已达52.9%，年增长23.4%[1]。北美地区上半年贸易增速仅为2.1%[1]，远低于全球平均水平，反映出中国贸易重心向亚洲地区加速集中的现象。
China's trade structure underwent a dramatic realignment in the first half of 2026, with ASEAN emerging as its largest trading partner while the United States fell further behind. Total Chinese exports and imports reached 3.67 trillion dollars, up 21.2 percent year-over-year, driven by robust outbound shipments of 2.13 trillion dollars and imports of 1.55 trillion dollars [1]. ASEAN's share of China's total trade jumped to 17.0 percent with growth of 22.5 percent, nearly double the trade volume with the United States, which accounted for only 7.9 percent and contracted marginally by 0.1 percent [1]. The European Union captured 12.2 percent of trade flows, expanding 14.2 percent, while North America as a whole grew just 2.1 percent [1].
This shift reflects a longer-term reorientation of China's trade geography. Two decades ago, the United States held 14.9 percent of Chinese trade and ASEAN represented 9.2 percent; by the first half of 2026, these positions had inverted substantially [1]. Asia overall now accounts for 52.9 percent of China's trade activity, expanding 23.4 percent, underscoring the region's increasing centrality to Beijing's commercial strategy [1]. China's trade surplus narrowed to approximately 576.4 billion dollars, down 1.7 percent from the same period last year [1].