国家动物博物馆近日发文谴责一起不文明参观事件1。一名成年父亲在参观时不仅未制止两个孩子触碰展品，反而主动取下濒危动物标本交给孩子玩耍，导致莽山原矛头蝮标本受损1。莽山原矛头蝮是国家一级重点保护野生动物，野生种群濒临灭绝1。
法律专家指出，涉事父亲的行为构成共同侵权和帮助侵权，需承担相应法律责任1。根据《中华人民共和国民法典》第一千一百六十五条，行为人因过错侵害他人民事权益造成损害的，应当承担侵权责任1。赔偿范围包括标本修复费、价值贬损费、评估鉴定费、诉讼费等全部合理损失1。此外，根据《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》，故意损毁公私财物的，处五日以下拘留或者一千元以下罚款；情节较重的，处五日以上十日以下拘留，可以并处三千元以下罚款1。《博物馆条例》第三十七条也明确规定，公众不得损坏博物馆的展品、设施1。
国家动物博物馆馆长张劲硕表示，事发时监控第一时间发现了该事件1。后续修复完成后，博物馆可能将标本完全封在玻璃罩里以加强保护1。
The National Animal Museum issued a public condemnation of an incident of improper visitor conduct in which an adult father not only failed to stop his two children from touching exhibits, but actively removed an endangered species specimen and handed it to them to play with, resulting in damage to a Mangshan pit viper (Protobothrops mangshanensis) specimen 1. The Mangshan pit viper is a Class I nationally protected wildlife species with a wild population on the brink of extinction 1.
Legal experts have clarified the consequences of such behavior. The father's actions constitute joint infringement and aiding infringement, rendering him liable for civil compensation under Article 1165 of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, which states that "an actor who causes damage to another's civil rights and interests through fault shall bear tort liability" 1. Beyond civil responsibility, the individual may also face administrative penalties under the Law on Public Security Administration Punishments, which prescribes detention of up to five days or a fine of up to 1,000 yuan for intentional destruction of public or private property, with more severe cases—involving detention of five to ten days and fines up to 3,000 yuan—applying where circumstances are more serious 1. Additionally, Article 37 of the Museum Regulations explicitly prohibits visitors from damaging museum exhibits and facilities 1.
Compensation liability covers the full scope of reasonable losses, including specimen restoration costs, diminished value fees, assessment and appraisal expenses, and litigation costs 1. Museum director Zhang Jinshuor stated that surveillance systems detected the incident immediately, and following completion of repairs, the specimen may be permanently enclosed in a glass case to prevent future damage 1.
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