美国与加拿大之间的贸易纠纷进一步恶化。特朗普政府于8月22日对价值约280亿加元的加拿大商品实施50%关税，涉及钢铁、铝材、木材和汽车等关键产业1。作为回应，加拿大在9月8日宣布对等值280亿加元的美国商品征收反制关税1。这轮关税措施反映了两国贸易摩擦的加剧，美国对加拿大的平均有效关税率已从2025年6月的2.9%上升至5.7%，超过了对墨西哥的关税率1。
这场贸易战已对两国经济造成实际冲击。加拿大在2025年1月至2026年1月期间失去了约55000个制造业工作岗位1，其中安大略省和魁北克省受美国关税影响最为严重1。卡尔加里经济学家特雷沃·汤姆估计，如果新关税持续下去，加拿大可能总计失去90000个工作岗位1。美国方面，俄亥俄州作为摇摆州将成为加拿大反制关税打击最重的地区，其出口中12%（约32亿加元）将被征税1。美国税务基金会估计美国家庭因特朗普关税今年平均需多支付840美元1。
The escalating trade dispute between the United States and Canada has intensified as the Trump administration implemented sweeping tariff increases on Canadian goods, prompting swift retaliation from Ottawa. On August 22, the US imposed a 50% tariff on approximately CAD 28 billion worth of Canadian products, targeting key industries including steel, aluminum, lumber, and automobiles 1. Canada responded on September 8 by announcing equivalent countermeasures against CAD 28 billion of American goods 1.
The trade conflict has already inflicted considerable economic damage on both nations. Canada has shed roughly 55,000 manufacturing jobs between January 2025 and January 2026 as a direct result of the tariffs 1. The effective average US tariff rate on Canadian imports has climbed from 2.9% in June 2025 to 5.7%, now exceeding the rate applied to Mexican goods 1. Ontario and Quebec have borne the brunt of American tariff impacts, while Ohio—a crucial swing state—faces the heaviest blow from Canada's retaliation, with 12% of its exports to Canada, valued at CAD 3.2 billion, now subject to taxation 1. Economists warn the damage could worsen; Calgary-based economist Trevor Tombe estimates Canada could lose a total of 90,000 manufacturing jobs if the new tariffs persist 1.
The costs extend beyond employment figures to household finances and consumer prices. American households are projected to spend an average of USD 840 more this year due to Trump's tariff policies, according to the US Tax Foundation 1. Both American and Canadian consumers and businesses face elevated commodity prices as a result of the measures 1. The trade relationship, in which more than 70% of Canada's exports go to the United States, underscores the vulnerability of the Canadian economy to trade disruptions 1.
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