加州联邦法官Rita Lin周四做出裁定，认定特朗普政府将Anthropic列为供应链风险的决定属于非法报复，违反了第一修正案和第五修正案1。国防部长Pete Hegseth的该项决定被法院认定为非法1。此前政府曾下令所有联邦机构停止与Anthropic合作1。
Anthropic之所以遭到该标签，是因为公司拒绝允许五角大楼利用其模型开发完全自主武器系统和进行大规模美国公民监控1。法官在裁决中指出，政府"以Anthropic的傲慢批评为由做出公众示范"1。法院还指出了政府的自相矛盾：当局一方面援引《国防生产法》对Anthropic提出要求（表明其认为该公司对国防至关重要），另一方面又继续与公司进行网络安全合作方面的接触1。Anthropic曾在3月对国防部提起两起诉讼1，本次裁决标志着该公司的法律诉求首次获得法院支持。
A federal judge in California ruled Thursday that the Trump administration's decision to label Anthropic as a supply-chain risk was illegal, constituting unlawful retaliation against the company's speech rights 1. Judge Rita Lin determined the designation violated both the First Amendment and the Fifth Amendment 1.
The Pentagon had imposed the label after Anthropic refused to allow the Department of Defense to use its AI models for fully autonomous weapons and mass surveillance of American citizens 1. In response, the government ordered all federal agencies to cease working with the company 1. Anthropic subsequently filed two lawsuits against the Department of Defense in March 1.
In her ruling, Judge Lin found the government engaged in "public demonstration" by making the labeling decision based on Anthropic's outspoken criticism 1. The judge highlighted a contradiction in the government's position: while invoking the Defense Production Act to suggest Anthropic was critical to national defense, officials simultaneously continued engaging the company on cybersecurity collaboration 1. This inconsistency, the judge indicated, undermined the administration's justification for the supply-chain risk designation 1.
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