战争遗留的未爆炸弹药和地雷对全球造成的威胁日益凸显。2025年，约100万人在60个国家面临这一危险1。全球至少57个国家和地区受到地雷污染1，其中污染最严重的包括阿富汗、波黑、柬埔寨、埃塞俄比亚、伊拉克、土耳其、乌克兰和西撒哈拉1。2024年因地雷和战争遗留物伤亡超过6000人，其中大多数是平民，分布在至少52个国家1。
近期环境变化加剧了这一问题的可见性。欧洲的野火和干旱事件暴露了大量历史炸弹，仅法国南部大火就引发了约400枚一战和二战时期的法国和德国炮弹爆炸1。多国水位下降也导致沉水多年的未爆炸弹药浮出水面1。历史遗留的污染范围令人震惊——越南战争导致该国近20%的地区被污染，相当于塔斯马尼亚的面积1，而一战西线战场仅发射的超过7亿枚炮弹和迫击炮弹中，约1.4亿枚至今未爆炸1。
Millions of people worldwide face ongoing danger from landmines and unexploded remnants of war, with approximately one million individuals in 60 countries currently at risk.1 The threat extends across at least 57 countries and territories globally, with some regions disproportionately affected.1 In 2024 alone, landmines and war-related ordnance caused over 6,000 casualties across at least 52 nations, with the majority of victims being civilians.1
Recent natural disasters have underscored the scale of the contamination problem. Wildfires and drought conditions in southern France exposed and triggered explosions of approximately 400 artillery shells from World War I and World War II.1 Similarly, declining water levels in multiple countries have revealed previously submerged unexploded ordnance. The most severely contaminated regions include Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Iraq, Turkey, Ukraine, and Western Sahara.1
Historical conflicts continue to pose risks decades after hostilities cease. The Vietnam War left nearly 20 percent of Vietnam's territory contaminated with explosive remnants, an area equivalent to the size of Tasmania.1 During World War I alone, the Western Front saw the firing of over 700 million artillery and mortar shells, with approximately 140 million remaining unexploded.1 These findings were highlighted in the 2024 Landmine Monitor Report.1
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