澳大利亚禽流感疫情出现严峻转折，H5病毒已突破物种屏障传染至哺乳动物。1自上周末以来，海豹、海豚和狐狸三种哺乳动物已被确认感染H5禽流感。1其中，长鼻毛皮海豹在Beachport死亡后测试呈阳性，成为澳大利亚本土哺乳动物中的首例确诊；一只死亡海豚在Fleurieu Peninsula被检测出病毒阳性；红狐在metropolitan Adelaide被发现感染，为澳大利亚陆生哺乳动物首例确诊。1澳大利亚首席兽医官Beth Cookson证实了这些发现。1
尽管疫情扩散，Cookson声称"澳大利亚没有哺乳动物之间传播的证据"。1然而，专家对受危物种的前景表示担忧。1Heard Island的南象海豹种群在去年疫情中经历了约75%的死亡率，1这表明该病毒对某些海洋哺乳动物可能构成严重威胁。1此外，猫对该病毒的感染致死率较高。1为应对风险，维多利亚州正在对数千只小企鹅进行疫苗接种，1南澳州环境部长Emily Bourke表示将评估进口美国实验性疫苗的可能性。1官方对人类健康风险的评估为低。1
Australia's H5 bird flu outbreak has crossed a critical threshold, with the virus now confirmed in three mammal species following detections announced since last weekend.1 A long-nosed fur seal found dead at Beachport tested positive, marking the first confirmed case of H5 in an Australian native mammal.1 A deceased dolphin discovered on the Fleurieu Peninsula has also been confirmed as infected, while a red fox identified in metropolitan Adelaide represents the country's first documented case of the virus in a terrestrial mammal.1
Chief Veterinary Officer Beth Cookson has stated that "Australia has no evidence of transmission between mammals."1 Despite this assessment, the rapid appearance of the virus across disparate species has prompted serious concerns about wildlife conservation.1 Southern elephant seals on Heard Island experienced mortality rates of approximately 75 percent during last year's outbreak,1 underscoring the potential severity of infection in vulnerable populations. Authorities are pursuing protective measures, with Victoria already vaccinating thousands of little penguins against the virus, while South Australia's Environment Minister Emily Bourke indicated the state is assessing the possibility of importing an experimental American vaccine.1 Experts have warned that endangered species such as the Australian sea lion face considerable risk.1 The human health risk from the outbreak remains low.1
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