NASA在Starling任务中成功测试了FALCON系统，该系统使卫星能够在无需GPS的情况下利用其他航天器和轨道碎片作为参考点进行自主导航1。FALCON系统全称为"快速自主失向目录光学导航"（Fast Autonomous Lost-in-space Catalog-based Optical Navigation），这是卫星首次基于与其他空间物体的相对位置使用光学摄像头进行自主光学导航1。
在三天的测试期间，该系统利用约20,000个空间物体的目录和预测轨道，自主改进了200多个空间物体的已知轨道1。这项技术由NASA与来自斯坦福大学的创业公司EraDrive联合开发1。Starling任务于2023年发射，计划在今年晚些时候扩展FALCON实验1。
NASA has demonstrated a breakthrough in autonomous satellite navigation by successfully testing the FALCON system during its Starling mission 1. The system, whose full name is Fast Autonomous Lost-in-space Catalog-based Optical Navigation, enables satellites to navigate independently of GPS by using other spacecraft and orbital debris as reference points 1.
Over the course of three days, FALCON autonomously refined the known orbits of more than 200 space objects 1. The technology leverages a catalog of approximately 20,000 space objects and their predicted trajectories to guide satellite positioning 1. This marks the first application of satellites using optical cameras to perform autonomous optical navigation based on their relative positions to other space objects 1.
The system was jointly developed by NASA and EraDrive, a startup company originating from Stanford University 1. The Starling mission, which launched in 2023, is scheduled to expand FALCON experiments later this year 1.
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