由加州大学圣芭芭拉分校、史密森国家动物园和保护生物研究所及耶鲁大学合作完成的研究发现，人类的物理存在对野生动物的活动范围和栖息地选择产生了显著影响1。研究人员追踪了来自37个物种的4,581只哺乳动物和鸟类个体，并将其GPS记录与美国各地的手机定位数据相结合进行对比分析1。研究成果已发表在《Science》期刊2026年第392卷第6800期上1。
研究显示，57%的物种同时受到人类存在和景观改变的双重影响1。其中，67%的哺乳动物物种和68%的鸟类物种对人类活动产生了明显反应1。进一步的分析表明，约67%的哺乳动物物种和41%的鸟类物种通过减少其栖息地使用来应对人类影响1。狼、白尾鹿和沙丘鹤等物种对人类活动呈现了不同的行为反应1。这项全球合作项目涉及600个合作伙伴，收集了约13,000只动物的10亿条位置记录1，为更精准的野生动物保护策略提供了重要科学依据1。
Researchers monitoring 4,581 individual animals across 37 species discovered that wildlife activity and habitat use are shaped not only by human infrastructure but also by the physical presence of people themselves 1. The study, which compared GPS location records collected during 2019 and 2020, found that 57 percent of species experienced effects from both human presence and landscape alteration 1. The findings reveal that different animal species respond to human activity in markedly different ways, offering a foundation for more targeted wildlife conservation strategies 1.
The research demonstrated that 67 percent of mammal species and 68 percent of bird species altered their behavior in response to human presence 1. Among these, roughly 67 percent of mammal species and 41 percent of bird species reduced their habitat use in response to human impacts 1. Species including wolves, white-tailed deer, and sandhill cranes exhibited distinct behavioral responses to human activity 1. The study, published in Science in August 2026 (Volume 392, Issue 6800), represents a collaborative international effort involving approximately 600 partners who collected over one billion location records from roughly 13,000 animals 1. Researchers referred to the study period as the "anthropause," marking a time when human activity patterns shifted measurably 1.
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