美国宾夕法尼亚大学研究团队利用阿塔卡玛宇宙学望远镜(ACT)对相隔数亿光年的星系团进行了有史以来规模最大的引力定律测试1。研究人员通过分析宇宙微波背景观测数据，精确测量了星系团之间的引力强度随距离的变化规律1。这项由帕特里西奥·加拉多领导、超过40名来自多个国家的研究人员参与的研究发表在《物理评论快报》上1。
测试结果显示，引力强度的变化"几乎完全按照牛顿方程和爱因斯坦广义相对论预测"1。这一发现支持了暗物质假说，同时对试图修正万有引力定律的替代理论(如MOND)施加了严格限制1。加拉多表示，"在17世纪提出的平方反比律在21世纪仍然成立是非凡的"1。
A research team from the University of Pennsylvania has conducted the largest-scale test of gravitational theory to date, using the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) to measure gravitational forces across galaxy clusters separated by hundreds of millions of light-years 1. The findings, published in Physical Review Letters, demonstrate that the strength of gravity decreases with distance in a manner that aligns almost perfectly with predictions from Newton's inverse-square law and Einstein's general relativity 1. This result provides strong support for the dark matter hypothesis while imposing strict constraints on alternative theories that propose modifications to universal gravitation, such as MOND 1.
Led by Patricio A. Gallardo at the University of Pennsylvania, the international team of over forty researchers analyzed observations of the cosmic microwave background to determine how gravitational forces behave on cosmic scales 1. According to Gallardo, "It is extraordinary that the inverse-square law proposed in the seventeenth century still holds in the twenty-first century" 1. Mark Devlin directed the development of the ACT telescope that made these observations possible 1.
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