澳大利亚正面临H5N1禽流感疫情扩散的威胁，家庭后院的喂鸟行为可能成为病毒传播的关键场所。1该疫情已导致超过1,000只凤头燕鸥死亡，并首次在本土哺乳动物——一只长鼻毛皮海豹身上检出病毒。1鉴于约50%的澳大利亚家庭日常喂养野生鸟类，1专家警告这一常见做法可能加速病毒传播。
针对疫情风险，专家给出了明确的防控建议。1最安全的做法是完全停止喂鸟，1但若居民坚持继续喂养，应采取三项预防措施：减少投放的食物量、避免用手直接喂鸟，以及使用家用漂白剂定期清洁喂鸟设备。1此外，发现病死鸟类或海洋哺乳动物应立即拨打澳大利亚紧急动物疾病热线1800 675 888。1
人类感染H5N1的情况极为罕见，通常仅引起轻微症状。1
H5N1 avian influenza is spreading across Australia, with experts warning that backyard bird feeding practices could inadvertently create transmission hotspots for the virus.1 The outbreak has already claimed over 1,000 crested terns and marked the first detection of the virus in a native Australian mammal, a long-nosed fur seal.1
Approximately 50% of Australian households regularly feed wild birds in their yards, a common practice that researchers now view with concern given the disease's circulation.1 While human infection with H5N1 remains extremely rare and typically causes only mild symptoms, the risk of accelerated animal-to-animal transmission through shared feeding areas has prompted health authorities to reassess public guidance.1 Experts recommend that the safest approach is to cease bird feeding entirely.1 For those who choose to continue, three precautions are advised: reducing the amount of food provided, avoiding hand-feeding birds, and regularly cleaning equipment with household bleach.1 Members of the public who discover dead birds or marine mammals should contact the Australian emergency animal disease hotline at 1800 675 888.1
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