NASA罗曼太空望远镜将拥有比哈勃大百倍的观测视场

NASA的南希·格蕾丝·罗曼太空望远镜计划于2026年8月28日发射升空，预计2027年1月开始科学运作1。该望远镜搭载7.9英尺主镜，与哈勃空间望远镜规格相同，但其视场宽度达到哈勃的100倍1。这意味着罗曼有潜力以相同分辨率观测整个天空，而哈勃在超过30年的运作中仅观测了夜空的0.1%1。

罗曼望远镜将在多个领域开展科学研究1。其先进的冠状仪用于探测系外行星的能力比现有天基冠状仪提高100到1000倍1，同时望远镜还将用于绘制宇宙物体图谱，以及研究暗物质和暗能量1。亚利桑那大学将领导九项NASA批准的罗曼数据调查项目，其中包括由Elisabeth Krause教授领导的"罗曼太空望远镜的动力学透镜"项目，该项目获得200万美元资金1。Tim Eifler教授领导的工作组从事"用罗曼高纬度成像调查最大化宇宙学科学"研究，Schuyler Wolff担任冠状仪观测规划工作组负责人1。艾弗勒实验室将获得80万美元用于计算资源，以及5年内210万美元的科学研究资金1。

NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will launch on August 28, 2026, with science operations commencing in January 20271. Despite sharing the same 7.9-foot primary mirror as the Hubble Space Telescope, the Roman telescope will feature a field of view 100 times wider than its predecessor1. This expanded vantage point will enable comprehensive surveys of exoplanets, cosmic objects, and the nature of dark matter and dark energy1.

The mission's enhanced capabilities represent a transformative leap in observational astronomy. While Hubble has surveyed only 0.1 percent of the night sky over more than 30 years, Roman possesses the potential to observe the entire sky at comparable resolution1. The telescope's coronagraph will detect planets with capabilities 100 to 1,000 times superior to existing space-based coronagraphs1. The University of Arizona will lead nine NASA-approved research projects utilizing Roman data, receiving over $2 million in combined funding1. These initiatives include Elisabeth Krause's project on "Dynamical Lensing for the Roman Space Telescope" and Tim Eifler's working group effort to "Maximize Cosmological Science from the Roman High Latitude Imaging Survey," with funding allocated for computational resources and long-term scientific research extending five years into the mission1.