土耳其本月早期在爱琴海和东地中海指定了两个海洋公园，其中一个位于莱姆诺斯岛和萨摩色雷斯岛之间，另一个位于罗得岛东侧，此举立即引发希腊的强烈反对1。希腊外交部认为土耳其的举动"非法"，声称这些海洋公园位于土耳其领海之外，因此在该地区没有法律效力1。希腊总理米佐塔基斯随后表态，"国际法确定了希腊主权下的地区"，并强调希腊"始终准备好保卫它们"1。
土耳其的这一举措被视为其推进"蓝色家园"学说的新战术，该学说主张对希腊和塞浦路斯的专属经济区拥有权利，并质疑众多希腊岛屿和小岛的主权1。为应对地区局势，希腊正在加强国防建设，2021至2025年期间在全球大型军事进口国中排名第19位1。希腊的防御项目"阿基里斯盾"以以色列"铁穹"为蓝本，预计2029年全面投入运作1。此前，2023年2月土耳其地震后希腊曾提供援助，两国于同年12月签署了《雅典友好关系与睦邻宣言》1。
Turkey's designation of two marine parks in the Aegean Sea and eastern Mediterranean earlier this month has triggered a sharp diplomatic confrontation with Greece, which views the move as illegal and a threat to its island sovereignty 1. One park is situated between the islands of Lemnos and Samothrace in the northeastern Aegean, while the second lies east of Rhodes 1. Greece's Foreign Ministry rejected the designations as invalid, arguing they lack legal standing outside Turkish territorial waters 1.
Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis stated that "international law determines the areas under Greek sovereignty," and emphasized that Greece remains "always ready to defend them" 1. The Turkish action is seen as an extension of Ankara's "Blue Homeland" doctrine, which asserts rights over exclusive economic zones claimed by Greece and Cyprus and challenges the sovereignty of numerous Greek islands and islets 1. In response to these regional tensions, Greece has intensified its defense capabilities, ranking 19th globally in military imports between 2021 and 2025 1. The country is also developing the "Achilles Shield" air defense system in cooperation with Israel, modeled on the Israeli "Iron Dome," with full operational deployment expected by 2029 1.
The two countries have shown capacity for dialogue in recent years, including Greece's humanitarian assistance following Turkey's devastating February 2023 earthquake and their joint adoption of the Athens Declaration on Friendly Relations and Good Neighborliness in December 2023 1.
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