一项刊登在《科学》杂志上的研究表明，人为气候变化正在增强厄尔尼诺现象的强度1。研究指出，厄尔尼诺的强度相比工业革命前已增加36%以上，过去40年更增加了16%1。密歇根大学古气候学家朱莉亚·科尔表示，"厄尔尼诺强度的增加与由燃烧化石燃料等人为因素导致的全球气温上升密切平行"1。
该研究通过分析加拉帕戈斯岛的29个珊瑚化石进行，追溯了过去900年间的厄尔尼诺历史，发现厄尔尼诺强度增强与全球气温上升存在紧密联系1。当前周数据已显示2.7摄氏度（4.9华氏度），预计还将在未来2至4个月继续增长1。科学家警告，当前形成的强厄尔尼诺可能创造历史新高，造成数万亿美元的经济损失1。
部分科学家对这项研究提出异议，认为珊瑚数据与近期水温观测数据存在冲突1。
A new study published in the journal Science indicates that human-caused climate change is strengthening El Niño events, with researchers finding that El Niño intensity has increased by more than 36 percent since pre-industrial times and by 16 percent over the past 40 years 1. The research, led by paleoclimatologist Julia Cole of the University of Michigan, analyzed coral fossil records from 29 sites in the Galápagos Islands spanning approximately 900 years back to around 1100 CE 1. Cole stated that "the increase in El Niño intensity closely parallels the rise in global temperatures caused by human factors such as the burning of fossil fuels" 1.
The current El Niño event is expected to reach record-breaking strength, with weekly data showing temperatures of 2.7 degrees Celsius (4.9 degrees Fahrenheit) and predictions indicating further increases over the next two to four months 1. Such intensification carries significant economic consequences, with projections suggesting potential losses in the trillions of dollars 1. However, the study has faced some scientific skepticism, with certain researchers arguing that the coral data conflicts with recent ocean temperature observations 1.
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