法官裁定特朗普政府将Anthropic列入黑名单违法

美国联邦地区法官Rita Lin裁定，特朗普政府及五角大楼将人工智能公司Anthropic列入黑名单的措施违法且违宪 123。这一裁决推翻了政府此前针对该AI公司的行动 1。今年2月，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普与国防部长Pete Hegseth指控Anthropic危害国家安全，并将其列为供应链风险 2。争端的起因是Anthropic首席执行官Dario Amodei拒绝退让，他担忧公司的AI产品可能被用于大规模监控或自主武装无人机，并对不可接受的军事用例设定了“红线” 23。该诉讼最初于今年3月在加利福尼亚州地区法院提起 3。

Lin法官在周四晚发布的书面命令中指出，政府此举是为了惩罚Anthropic对国防部AI使用观点的批评 2。她写道，政府的行动“是基于让Anthropic因批评政府而表现出的‘傲慢’成为公开榜样的愿望，而不是基于任何可阐明的理由相信Anthropic会真正破坏其模型” 2。Lin法官还强调：“空洞地援引国家安全并不是惩罚和报复政府批评者的空白支票” 3。此前在7月30日的听证会上，Lin曾直言政府的立场让她觉得“非常令人不安”，且似乎“与第一修正案相悖” 2。

Anthropic发言人对此回应称：“我们仍然专注于与政府富有成效地合作，利用AI为我们的国家安全服务，以便所有美国人从这项技术中受益” 2。此外，Anthropic还在华盛顿特区的联邦上诉法院提起了一项单独且范围更窄的未决案件 2。

U.S. District Judge Rita F. Lin has ruled that the Trump administration’s blacklisting of AI company Anthropic was illegal and unconstitutional 123. This decision overturns the government's previous actions against the firm 1. In a written order issued Thursday night, August 27, 2026, Lin determined that the Pentagon acted illegally by punishing the AI company for its criticism of the Department of Defense’s views on AI use 12. The dispute broke out in February when President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth accused Anthropic of endangering national security and designated the company a supply chain risk 2. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei refused to back down over concerns that the company’s products could be used for mass surveillance or autonomous armed drones 2. The company was also accused of setting "red lines" on unacceptable military use cases of its AI technology 3. The lawsuit challenging these measures was filed in March in a California district court 3.

In her ruling, Judge Lin criticized the government's motivations, writing that its actions "were based on a desire to make a public example out of Anthropic for its ‘arrogance’ in criticizing the government, not based on any articulable basis to believe that Anthropic would actually sabotage its model" 2. She further stated that "the empty invocation of national security is not a blank check to punish and retaliate against government critics" 3. During a July 30 hearing, Lin noted that the government’s position was "really troubling" and seemed "at odds to me with the First Amendment" 2. Following the decision, an Anthropic spokesperson said, "We remain focused on working productively with the government to harness AI for our national security so all Americans benefit from this technology" 2. Additionally, Anthropic has filed a separate and narrower case that remains pending in the federal appeals court in Washington, D.C. 2.