澳大利亚BreastScreen项目正在推行筛查方式的重大转变，从单纯基于年龄的筛查模式转向基于个人风险的定制化筛查体系[1]。这一改革将综合考虑乳腺密度、家族史、基因检测结果和人工智能等多个因素，以更精准地识别高风险人群[1]。
乳腺密度被确认为最强且最常见的乳腺癌风险因素之一[1]。新方案建议所有女性在筛查时被告知其乳腺密度水平[1]。为了帮助女性评估个人风险，在线风险评估工具如iPrevent和CanRisk已被推出，这些工具可以结合乳腺密度、家族史和基因检测结果计算个人患癌风险[1]。
目前，人工智能模型已在维多利亚州BreastScreen进行试验，并即将在南澳大利亚州开展[1]。根据现行政策，50至74岁女性被邀请进行筛查，40岁以上女性可免费每两年进行一次乳房X线检查[1]。澳大利亚卫生部门预计这些变化的全面实施需要十年时间[1]。
Australia's breast cancer screening approach is undergoing a significant transformation, shifting away from age as the primary screening criterion toward a more targeted, individual risk-based model.[1] The changes will integrate multiple factors including breast density, family history, genetic testing, and artificial intelligence technology to identify women at higher risk.[1] Full implementation of these reforms is expected to take approximately ten years.[1]
Breast density has emerged as one of the strongest and most common risk factors for breast cancer, and health authorities now recommend that all women be informed of their breast density during screening.[1] Online risk assessment tools such as iPrevent and CanRisk enable women to calculate their personalized risk by combining information about breast density, family history, and genetic test results.[1] Artificial intelligence models are currently being piloted within BreastScreen Victoria, with plans to expand trials to South Australia.[1]
Under current guidelines, women aged 50 to 74 are invited to participate in screening, while those aged 40 and above remain eligible for free mammograms every two years.[1]
